Romans

Romans

Chapter 10
{Chapters 9- Chapter 11: Parenthesis (Continues)}

{Verses 1-11: The failure of Israel to accept Jesus Christ as Savior}
1~~Brethern/'Members of the Royal Family' {adelphos},
'the motivation of my right lobe' {kardia eudokia}
{idiom: literally "my heart's desire"}
and my {Paul's} prayer 'face to face with'/to
the God {God the Father}
'on behalf of' {huper} them {unbelievers in Israel} . . .
{is/'keeps on being'}
for their salvation/deliverance/preservation {soteria}.

2-3~~For I {Paul} testify/'bear witness' {martureo}
with reference to them that they have {echo} a zeal {zelos} for God,
but {their zeal} absolutely not {ouk}
'as a result of' {idiom literally 'according to' but means as a result of}
epignosis/knowledge {of bible doctrine} 3^~
for 'not knowing' {agnoeo}
the righteousness {dikaiosune} of God,
and 'by seeking'/'going about' {zeteo}
to establish {histemi} their own righteousness . . .
they have absolutely not {ouk}
'been obedient'/'been subservient'
{hupotasso - to submit to proper authority}
to the righteousness {dikaiosune} of God.

{Note: Agnoeo means to not know. In referring to God, it means to not know God. It is the word from which we get agnostic.}

4~~ For Christ . . . {is} the termination/end/cessation {telos}
of the law {Mosaic Law} . . .
with reference to righteousness {dikaiosune}
to each one 'because he believes/
'having believed' {pisteuo - present active participle}.

{Note: Dikaiosune is NOT salvation. It is usually translated 'righteousness'. But it is more than just righteousness. RBT translated it 'the total fulfillment of spiritual maturity. This verse is saying that the spiritual life of the Jewish Age was different than the spiritual life of the Church Age.

5~~For you see, Moses wrote {grapho}
about the righteousness/dikaiosune
which is by means of the {Mosaic} law {Leviticus 18:5},
"The man who does it . . . shall live by it."

{Note: Leviticus 18:5 does NOT say they will be 'saved' by means of the Mosaic Law. Instead it says they will live by them. They were a set of laws of morality for all humans - believers and unbelievers Alike. Morality is a lifestyle not a means of salvation. To distort morality into a way of salvation is blasphemous and disastrous.}

{Blasphemy of The Unattainability of Salvation because the Cross has Yet to Occur}
6~~But the righteousness {dikaiosune}
which is by means of faith/doctrine {pistis}
communicates/says in this manner {Deuteronomy 30:12}:
"Do not think/say in your 'right lobe'/heart,
"Who shall ascend into heaven."
This is/'the implication is'
to bring Christ down {from heaven}.

{Note: Paul is saying those who reject Jesus as the Messiah or Savior or Christ are in effect saying that we still need to have heaven send us a Messiah and this is blasphemy and those with Church Age doctrine understand this. SideNote: The reason the Jewish Age believers had to wait in Paradise was the 'unattainably of salvation'. They were NOT saved until Christ actually went to the cross. This principal recognized the free will choice of Jesus to back out right to the very end (Father take this cup from ME, nevertheless, Thy will be done). He knew what was coming and did not want to touch sin. But He agreed to touch sin and be judged for all sins - on behalf of YOU and me!}

{Blasphemy of The Unavailability of Salvation}
7~~Or {parallel logic to verse 6},
"Who shall descend into the abyss/deep {abussos}?"
{referring to Sheol or Hades or the abyss here}
This is/'the implication is . . .
to bring the Messiah/Christ up from the dead.

{Note: Paul is giving the principal of Deuteronomy 30:13 with the equivalent of Amos 9:2. The blasphemy here is that if the Messiah has not yet come and risen from the dead, then we still need him to do so!}

8~~Or, in contrast, what does it {the Word} say?
{Quoting in part from Deuteronomy 30:14}
"The message {salvation through faith} . . . {is} near you
{closer than the Mosaic law, or than heaven, or over the sea,
or in Hades},
in your mouth {which is pretty close}
and in your 'right lobe'/heart . . ."
{means salvation is as close as your mouth - no 'works for salvation'}
that is, the message of faith/doctrine {pistis},
which we proclaim.

{RBT says that Verse 9 is the Protasis and Verse 10 is the Apodosis}
9-10~~Namely, if you will 'make a statement {to God}'/acknowledge /concede with your mouth . . . Jesus . . . {as} Lord . . .
{outward expression of faith - aimed at the Jew who is trying
to be saved by keeping the Mosaic Law}
- maybe you will, maybe you will not {acknowledge}-
and if you will believe in your 'right lobe'/heart
that the God has raised Him from the dead,
{'actual expression'/origin of faith is words in the soul
- from the believer to God}
- maybe you will, maybe you will not {believe in the resurrection}-
you will be saved
{sozo - indicative (reality) case - not subjunctive (the maybe
case)} . . . 10~~
for by means of the 'right lobe {function}'
{RBT says this is a Greek idiom of impersonal construction}
{mankind} believes
{pistis - also means faith/ 'that which is believed or doctrine}
resulting in righteousness {God's righteousness imputed}
and, by means of the mouth,
{mankind} 'makes a statement'/'states their case
as in a courtroom setting' {homologeo}
{to God} about/'resulting in'/for salvation {eis soteria}.
{in the last sentence, the nouns are omitted to place emphasis on
the principal involved not emphasizing the one who does it. It is
appropriate to insert an implied noun if that makes it easier to
understand - so inserted would be 'man' or 'mankind' whose right
lobe and mouth are involved here.}

{Note: Expressing with your mouth and believing in your right lobe are two sides of the same coin. For you can not declare Jesus to be Lord unless you first believe Jesus to be Lord (God knows your thoughts, you can not lie to Him). Salvation is by faith not of works.}

{Note: Homologeo literally means 'saying the same thing'. And, that is how its meaning was derived. It means to state as in a courtroom case exactly what happened. So, it means to name, admit, or confess - but this is a candid honest declaration with no emotion involved in the process.}

11~~Therefore the scripture says {Isaiah 28:16},
"When anyone believes {pisteuo} on Him,
they shall not be disappointed."

{Verse 12-21: The failure of Israel to Function as a Client Nation}
12~~For there is absolutely no {ouk} distinction
between a Jew and a Greek/Gentile {Hellen}.
For the same {Jesus} . . . Lord of all {all believers} . . .
is rich/generous {logistical grace support}
to all those who call upon Him.

{Quote from Joel 2:32}
13~~For whoever will call on the name {onoma} of the Lord
- maybe they will, maybe they will not {an} - will be saved {sozo}.

{Note: 'An ' in a sentence means that the action of the verb is conditional. It is similar to a third class conditional if. Sozo is then in the indicative case- the case of NO DOUBT. If they do, they Will absolutely be saved. Onoma here is a word used when you do not know much about the person you are addressing. And, here, salvation does not require much knowledge of Who and What the Lord is. You believe (here expressed as 'call on His name') and you are saved.}

14~~ Consequently, how shall they {unbelieving Gentiles}
call on Him {Christ} in Whom they have not believed?
Furthermore, how shall they believe in Him {Christ}
about Whom they have not heard?
And, how shall they {Gentiles} hear
without a missionary { kerusso}?
{Israel was the client nation to God yet they were rejecting Christ
AND now we see they have neglected the duty of a client nation
to take God to other peoples. For these reasons, in 70AD Israel
would lose their client nation status and in the Church Age, gentile
nations are the client nation to God. A gentile client nation does
many things for God. One is to provide a safe haven for the Jews
persecuted in other parts of the World, and two is to send out
missionaries to other parts of the world.}

15~~Finally, how shall they
{missionaries going out from a client nation to evangelize a foreign nation}
proclaim the 'good news'/gospel
unless they are sent out {apostello}?
Just as it stands written {Isaiah 52:7}
- in the past with the result that it stands written forever -
How beautiful/'beautifully timely' {horaios}
are the feet {means of transportation}
of those {missionaries}
who proclaim the gospel/'good news' { euaggelizo}
{Principal - emphasis should be on the SOLUTION - NOT the fact
that we are all sinners - that is not good news! Haha it is just a fact!}
about 'intrinsically good things'/'the good' {meaning the plan of God}.

{Note: The resurrection is an essential doctrine in the evangelism of the Jew today.}

{Note: Apostello means to 'be sent out on a mission under the authority of someone else. And an Apostle is one who has been sent out by God under His authority. Here in context, is a missionary who is being sent out under the authority of God via the spiritual gift of evangelism that He has given him. What is the purpose of a missionary? To give the 'good news' of salvation by faith. That Christ has come, and died for all sins. That He is resurrected and we can now be in Union with Him, if we believe in Him.}

{Note: Horaios is a word of time. It means beautiful in the sense of a basketball player sinking a basket as the clock runs out to win the game - what a beautiful shot. In context here, are the 'feet of the missionary'. Feet are the means of transportation in this day. So, how timely that the missionary is going where positive volition is right at the right time.}

{Documentation of the Big Mental Block out}
16~~But absolutely not {ouk} all
have obeyed {hupakouo} the gospel/'good news'.
{all here in context means all Jews throughout both the Jewish Age
and continuing into the Church Age - some will reject the gospel}
For Isaiah communicates {Isaiah 53:1}
"Lord, who has believed our message?"

{Note: Hupakouo is made up of 'hup' which means 'under' or 'under the authority of' and 'akouo' which means to hear. So this means that they clearly heard the gospel but from negative volition they have rejected the message. So, hupakouo has come to mean to hear, understand, but with the negative - to NOT obey.}

17~~Consequently, that faith/doctrine {pistis} . . .
{comes} from a message/report {akoe}.
Moreover, that message/report {akoe}
{comes/originates} 'through the agency of'/'by means of' {dia}
'a doctrinal discourse'/words {rhema} about Christ.

{Debater's technique and then a Quote from Psalms 19:4}
18~~But, in contrast, I {Paul} say,
they have absolutely not {me ouk} all heard, have they?
Certainly they have! {menounge}
Their voice/sound {phthoggos - the voice of nature}
{in Psalms 19:4 it was the voice/sound of nature eventually bringing
God to the consciousness of all mankind}
has gone out to all the earth {ge}.
And their words/'doctrinal discourse'
{rhema - here the gospel about Christ - see verse 17 above}
to the ends of the 'inhabited earth' {oikoumene - where people are}.

{Note: Me and ouk are both negatives. A double negative in the Greek is a very strong negative.}

19~~But I {Paul} say, Did Israel absolutely not {me ouk}
know {ginosko - to know from experience}?
{Forces a response of Yes, they did know}
First Moses said {last half of Deuteronomy 32:21},
"I {God} will make you jealous
over an 'absolutely no' {ouk} nation {ethnos} . . .
I will make you angry
over a dull/stupid/'without understanding' {asunetos} nation {ethnos}.

{Note: The Jewish race is made up of a large percentage of very bright people. Human intelligence without God's righteousness often ends up operating on their 'human righteousness'. So, from their human talents grows arrogance. Yet in Paul's day they look out and see the gentile nations who are less intelligent and not part of God's promise to Abraham's seed, yet they are being blessed and the Jews are being cursed - so they did not think this is 'fair' and become jealous. Next, they get angry over the less intelligent gentiles being blessed by God, yet they suffer. Why? They reject the gospel of Christ. They reject that the Messiah has come. Therefore, the status of client nation to God has moved to Gentile nations - where it will remain until the end of the Church Age.}

20~~But {next witness} Isaiah is so bold as to say, {Isaiah 65:1}
"I was found/discovered {heurisko}
by those {Gentiles} who were not looking for Me {no gospel information}.
I became {ginomai} manifest {emphanes}
to those {gentiles} who did not ask about Me
{had no idea they needed to be cognizant about God/Jesus Christ}."

{The Principal of Inversion}
21~~But, in contrast, face to face with/to {pros} Israel
He says {Isaiah 65:2}, " 'The whole day'/'Day in and day out'
{every day in every generation},
I have extended My hands {in invitation} {a gesture of invitation}
face to face with {pros} a disobedient {apeitheo}
and obstinate/'stubborn beyond description'
{the big blot out} {antilego}
nation {referring to Israel}."

{Note: Because of the big blot out in Israel, the Jews and the Gentiles reverse their roles in the inversion. Gentiles become the client nation to God responsible for sending missionaries to other parts of the world. And, they provide a refuge to those Jews who are being persecuted in other parts of the World.}

{Note: RBT says in Romans certain words (example given was 'dia' is often mistranslated because of the case.
Dia plus the genitive is translated 'through''.
Dia plus the accusative is translated 'because of'.
Dia plus the ablative is translated 'by means of'.

In this verse, we have pros with an indeclinable noun (Israel). So we are provided a definite article to give the case and the correct translation - here pros is with the accusative case and means 'face to face with'.}