현재완료(The present perfect 1)

1. 현재완료는 과거와 현재에 관해서 기술하는 것이다.

     ex) The aircraft has landed means that the aircraft is on the ground now.

2. 형태 (Form)

    현재완료는 [have + 과거완료(past participle)] 의 현재시제이다.
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     I/you/we/they have washed 또는 I/you/we/they've washed

     he/she/it has washed 또는 he/she/it's washed

     <부정형>                                                                      <의문문>
     I/you/we/they haven't washed                          have I/you/we/they washed?
     he/she/it hasn't washed                                    has he/she/it washed?
   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        * 규칙 과거완료는 끝에 -ed를 붙인다. ex) washed, landed, finished.

          We've washed the dishes.        Have you opened your letter?

          The aircraft has landed safty.    How many points has Suk-hee scored?

          The students haven't finished their exams.

3. 불규칙 형태

    일부의 분사들은 불규칙적이다.

     I've made a shopping list.          We've sold our car.         I've thought about it a lot.

     Have you written the letter?         She hasn't drunk her coffee.

 4. 사용

     현재완료를 사용할 때, 과거에 어떤 사건이 발생해서 현재 그 결과가 미치고 있는 것을 기술한다.

     We've washed the dishes (They're clean now.)  

     The aircraft has landed. (It's on the ground now.)

      We've eaten all the eggs. (There aren't any left.)

      They've learnt the words. (They know the words.)

       You've broken this watch. (It isn't working.)