Lung disease

Definition

Lung disease is any disease or disorder where lung function is impaired. There are three major physiologic categories of lung diseases:

1. Obstructive lung disease -- a decrease in the exhaled air flow caused by a narrowing or blockage of the airways, such as with asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis.
2. Restrictive lung disease -- a decrease in the total volume of air that the lungs are able to hold. Often, this is due to a decrease in the elasticity of the lungs themselves or caused by a problem related to the expansion of the chest wall during inhalation.
3. A defect in the ability of the lung's air sac tissue to move oxygen into a person's blood.

Most lung diseases actually involve a combination of these categories, such as emphysema, which involves both airflow obstruction and oxygenation problems.

Major lung diseases include:

• asthma
• BOOP
• chronic bronchitis
• COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
• emphysema
• interstitial lung disease
• pulmonary fibrosis
• sarcoidosis

Other lung diseases include:

• asbestosis
• aspergilloma
• aspergillosis
• aspergillosis - acute invasive
• atelectasis
• eosinophilic pneumonia
• lung cancer
• metastatic lung cancer
• necrotizing pneumonia
• pleural effusion
• pneumoconiosis
• pneumocystosis
• pneumonia
• pneumonia in immunodeficient patient
• pneumothorax
• pulmonary actinomycosis
• pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
• pulmonary anthrax
• pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
• pulmonary edema
• pulmonary embolus
• pulmonary histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
• pulmonary hypertension
• pulmonary nocardiosis
• pulmonary tuberculosis
• pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
• rheumatoid lung disease

This list is not complete. There are other lung diseases and disorders.

Illustrations

Pulmonary mass - side view chest X-ray

Lung mass, right upper lobe - CT scan

Lung mass, right lung - CT scan

Lung mass, right upper lung - chest X-ray

Lung nodule - front view chest X-ray

Lung nodule, right lower lung - CT scan

Lung with squamous cell cancer - CT scan

Secondhand Smoke and Lung Cancer

Yellow nail syndrome

Respiratory system

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