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Kalp (Epoch)
See also     Brahmaa      Manvantar      Time     Names of Kalp

(1) Kalp is the one of the six parts of Ved. It gives one the full knowledge of Karm, the procedures for the performance of religious ceremonies. They are like Yagya, Sanskaar etc. There are five Kalp - Nakshatra Kalp, Ved Kalp, Sanhitaa Kalp, Aangiras Kalp, and Shaanti Kalp.

(2) Kalp Vriksh - Means the tree which fulfills wishes in higher worlds. This tree appeared from the sea when it was churned for Amrit by Devtaa and Daitya. It was planted in Indra's Nandan Van. Once Krishn brought it to Dwaarakaa and planted it in Satyabhaamaa's palace to please her.

(3) A word in Sanskrit meaning "practicable, feasible, possible" and also "proper, fit, able" from the root Kalp "to be well ordered or regulated".

(4) Eon. According to Aangiras, p 101, a Kalp is Brahmaa's one day covering 4,320,000 years.

(5) According to Bhaagvat Puraan, 1,000 4-Yug or one Mahaa Yug period  makes up one Kalp. Every Kalp has 14 Manvantar in it. This is Brahmaa's day only, his night is also of the same time. Thus his one day and night is equal to two Kalp. Such 360 days (720 Kalp) make up his one year and his full age is of 100 years. His half age, 50 years, is called one Paraardh. Presently, one Paraardh has passed and the 28th Manvantar of the first Kalp of his second Paraardh of Brahmaa's age is continuing. In the beginning of the Kalp, this Creation is created and in the end of the Kalp it is destroyed. Then in the next Kalp Brahmaa will sleep and again in the next Kalp this Creation will be started. Thus Brahmaa creates this Creation in the morning and destroys at the end of his day. Then he rests for the same period and the strts his Creation again next morning - next Kalp.

There are 4 Yug - Sat, Tretaa, Dwaapar, and Kali. They are in the proportion of 4:3:2:1 thousands Divine-years:
Sat ........... 4,000 Divine-years + 800 years of Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh)
Tretaa ..... 3,000 Divine-years + 600 years of Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh)
Dwaapar .. 2,000 Divine-years + 400 years of Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh)
Kali ........... 1,000 Divine-years + 200 years of Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh)

In whatever Yug whatever thousand years are, its double the years in hundreds are in its Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh. The beginning of Yug is Sandhyaa and the end of the Yug is Sandhyaansh. So their duration is in hundred years and in between them is the Yug. Thus their total time period is:

Sat ............ 4,800 Divine-years x 360* = 1,728,000 Human-years
Tretaa ...... 3,600 Divine-years x 360 = 1,296,000 Human-years
Dwaapar .. 2,400 Divine-years x 360 = 864,000 Human-years
Kali ............ 1,200 Divine-years x 360 = 432,000 Human-years
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4-Yug = 12,000 Divine-years x 360 = 4,320,000 Human-years

* because 1 Human-year = 1 Divine-day
360 Divine-days = 1 Divine-year
therefore 360 Human-years = 1 Divine-year
therefore 4,320,000 Human-years x 1,000 4-Yug period
                              = 4,320 million Human-years = Brahmaa's day and
                                 4,320 million Human-years = Brahmaa's night

Thus 8,640,000,000 Human-years = Brahmaa's one day+night
Thus 8,640,000,000 x 360 Divine-days = Brahmaa's one year
And since Brahmaa's age is 100 Divine-years

             4-Yug      = 4,320,000 Human-years
             1 Kalp      = 4,320,000,000 Human-years
             2 Kalp      = 8,640,000,000 Human-years = Brahmaa's one day and night
So   Brahmaa's age = 8,640,000,000   x 360  days   x 100   years =   
   311,040 billion Human-years  OR   72,000 Kalp  OR  100 Divine-years   OR  36,000 Divine-days        

And beyond Tri-Lok -  from Mahar Lok, to Tapah Lok, to Brahm Lok 1,000 Human 4-Yug period is one day and the same period of time, 1,000 Human 4-Yug, is one night in which Brahmaa Jee sleeps.
When Brahmaa Jee's night ends, then our Kalp starts on Prithvi, and it ends when Brahmaa Jee's day ends.

(1) Names of Kalp
Various scriptures give Various numbers of Kalp and various names for them.
(1) Matsya Puraan LIST 1 gives 30 names of Kalp - 290.3-12
(2) I have also collected some names while reading scriptures, those are given here.
(3) Vaayu Puraan (Ch 21) gives 28 different names of Kalp than Matsya Puraan Plus 5 more Kalp in its Ch 22.
 

(1) 30 Names of Kalp from Matsya Puraan

(2) Some More Names of Kalp From Various Scriptures
The following 20 names, collected just randomly by me, are found at various places in scriptures. They are given here alphabetically in the absence of the information of their sequential order.

 (3) 34 Names of Kalp From Vaayu Puraan
The following list is copied from this site -  http://texts.00.gs/kalpa-s.htm
Note: From NO 11-16, 6 names are not on the list but are given below in a note found on another site -
http://www.dharmakshetra.com/literature/puranas/Vayu%20Purana.htm

(4) 29 Names of Kalp from Ling Puraan - 1:4:45-49
The following list is copied from this site -  http://texts.00.gs/kalpa-s.htm

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