1.General History of Writing
2.The Decimal Numeral System
3.Historical Alphabets and Syllabaries
General History of Writing
For a general idea of how the well known alphabets developed, start here:
For more verbal explanations, look here:
. Ancient Scripts of the World
This is that famous site that moved back and forth between alumni.eecs.berkeley.edu and rabbitmoon.home.mindspring.com, but which now has its own domain:
www.ancientscripts.com
For deeper historical explanations including non-alphabetic writing, look here:
. BnF: Ecritures : matières et Formes : sommaire (French)
. BnF: Ecritures : matières et formes : sommaire (French) New address.
A very excellent site.
. Proel.org: Grandes Alfabetos (Spanish)
Another excellent site.
. Omniglot.com 100+ scripts.
. Omniglot.com 100+ scripts. Alternate entryway.
. Alphabet - Wikipedia New.
Miscellaneous, including typological information:
. LINGUIST List 7.400: Daniels & Bright The World's Writing Systems
. An "Inventory of Writing Systems"
. Arild Hauge's Runes and Vikingpage (English)
. Arild Hauge's Runer (Norwegian)
The Decimal Numeral System
. Islamic History in Arabia and Middle East
A concise graphical history of 1,2,3... .
. Zahlenzeichen New. (German)
. The following two links are to different versions of the same page.
These two pages contain parallel comparisons of the various decimal numeral
systems, almost all of which descend from the Hindu-Arabic system. Both
versions require UNICODE compatible fonts.
Only one version should work on your browser automatically, but the other
version should also work after the proper settings are changed on your browser:
Specific Historical Alphabets and Syllabaries,
and other Phonetic Writing Systems:
Cuneiform Script :
Sumerian and Akkadian Cuneiform
Proto-Elamite
. CDLB 2002:1 Proto-Elamite Sign Frequencies New.
. CDLB 2002:001 notes New.
Old Persian Cuneiform Syllabary
Ugaritic Cuneiform Alphabet
Cretan and Cypriot Scripts :
Cretan
Hieroglyphic A and B
Phaistos
Linear A
Linear B
Cypriot
"Semitic" Scripts :
"Non-Semitic" scripts ultimately deriving from Semitic scripts :
Armenian and Georgian
(thought to derive from Phoenician either through an Iranian script or through Greek)
Coptic (a Greek script, with extra characters and a different calligraphy)
Greek (presumed to derive directly from an unknown form of Phoenician script)
. TITUS Didactica: Greek alphabets (map)
Iranian Non-cuneiform Scripts (derived from Aramaic)
Pahlavi
. TITUS: Ancient Languages and the WWW
Avestan
. TITUS: Ancient Languages: Avestan script
Middle Persian
. TITUS: Ancient Languages and the WWW
Italic Alphabets
(historical alphabets from the Italian peninsula, and their derivatives)
Etruscan (said to derive through Greek)
Latin (said to derive through Etruscan)
Latin derived = All modern Latin alphabets, including:
. those for all the Western European languages;
. those for about half the Eastern European languages;
. those for many "African" languages
(like Swahili);
. those for some "Asian" languages
(like Hmong,
Turkish,
and
Vietnamese);
. those for most Native American languages
(like Aymara,
Cherokee,
Navajo,
Quechua);
. those for most Malayo-Polynesian languages
(like Hawai'ian,
Malay-Indonesian,
and
Tagalog);
. and so forth.
Other Italic alphabets
. VITELIU : The Alphabets of Ancient Italy
Slavic: Cyrillic and Glagolitic Alphabets
(derived through Greek; Slavic Latin alphabets are derived through Latin above)
Diacritics ("Supralinear symbols") of Old Church Slavonic and Old Russian, borrowed from Ancient Greek.
Greek and Russian names, in middle column;
Latin names, in right column.
. Drustvo prijatelja glagoljice (DPG)
Altaic Alphabets
(derived from Aramaic alphabets)
Manchu
.
Mongolian
.
Sibe / Sibo / Xibe / Xibo
.
Uigur
.
Indian and South East Asian Scripts :
(presumed to derive from some Semitic script, though the evidence is not strong)
Comparative Sites
. Eden's Page: Scripts of all of Asia: Brahmi derived scripts
Not exactly of all of Asia, but close. In effect, a generalised, comparative, presentation of the relatedness of the South-- and South-East-- Asian writing systems to the Brahmi system.
. Brahmi descent GIF image 631x868 pixels
tree of descent of Brahmi scripts.
. Pallava descent GIF image 602x850 pixels
a graphic tree of descent of South-East-Asian scripts from the Pallava Brahmi script.
. The Sharada Script: Origin and Development
Burmese
. KryssTal : Writing - Burmese
. Burmese Language
. Learn Burmese New.
Devanagari (for Hindi, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, ....)
. "Knowing" Words in Indo-european
. Ancient Scripts of the World: Devanagari
Grantha Script
Javanese and Balinese Script
. Javanese Script
. Tulisan Bali New.
Khmer
. LEARNKHMER.COM(tm)--Khmer Alphabet
Philippine Scripts
. ALIBATA ... files for the general public domain
Tibetan
. Ancient Scripts of the World: Tibetan
Tocharian
. TITUS tocharian TRANSKRIPTION (top of page)
Ogham :
(see also Runic)
. Ancient Scripts of the World: Ogham
. Script Chart: Ogham
. Ogham - Support Test and Resource Link New Address.
requires UNICODE compatible fonts,
which are available at James Kass's Unicode website. New Address.
. The Ogham Alphabet || Celtic Ogham
. Liberty's Introduction to Ogham
. Translating Ogam
. What is Ogam?
. THE OGAM SCRIPT
. TITUS-Ogamica: List
. The Ogham Stone (Ogam Learning Resources)
|| . (alphabet.html)
Everson Typography
. Clófhoirne Oghaim * Ogham Fonts || . TITUS
|| . Beth-Luis-Nion
|| . Ragnarok
. Everson Typography: Every Ogham Thing on the Web
Runic Scripts :
Germanic Runes
(thought by many to derive ultimately from Phoenician through Etruscan, or some other Italic script;
see also Ogham, which some experts have considered to be a type of Runic script).
A Russian website with excellent graphics. Displays best with Internet Explorer.
. The Rune Poem Page
. The Runic Journey
. Virtually Virtual Iceland - Runes and Pronunciation
Old Hungarian Runic Script
Turkic Runes: Orkhon and Yenisei(?) Script
Native American Writing Systems :
. Mayan
. Cherokee
Yi Logographic (Ideographic) Script and Syllabary :
No links yet.
Writing Systems Invented Within the Last Two Centuries
Cherokee
. Cherokee
Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics
. Resources - Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics :: WATS.ca New.
. Cree Syllabics
. Carrier Syllabics
. Inuit/Inuktitut Syllabics
Chinese: Bopomofo
Hmong: Pahawh
Mandinka: N'ko
. N'ko New.
According to this page, the N'ko alphabet was originally designed for the Mandinka language, but is also used for various other African languages.
. The Common Language 0f the Mandens New. with fonts
. N'Ko/English - Tutorial New.
Miao / Meo: Pollard Script
. Writing Miao text New.
Santali: Ol Cemet / Ol Ciki / Ol
Writing Systems for Sign Langauges: SignWriting
. SignWriting: Read, Write Sign Languages New.
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|| HISTORY OF ALPHABETS
|| MODERN ALPHABETS AND SYLLABARIES
|| GRAMMATOLOGY
Suggestions for new links are welcome. Please email
H.D. bli blarg
at: scribitmihi AT yahoo DOT com
http://www.oocities.org/scribitmihi/langlinks/writing-abc-hist.html