THE HOUSE OF THE LIFE

(Per Ankh)

Sorry, my English is very poor. The translation is automatic, my excuses for the errors. If some kind navigator wants to correct them and to send me the correction, he would thank it to him...

In this page they will leave introducing texts of Khemi; writings of several types that will illustrate us on the customs, beliefs, rites, moral,... of the Old Egypt.

The creation (Menfis).

The humanity's extermination.

Book of the Dead.

Texts of the Sarcophaguses.

Maximum of Ptah Hotep.

Instruction of King Amenemes for their son Sesostris.

Satire of the occupations.

Story of Sinuhé.

Legend of the creation (Menfis).

Having established the capital in Menfis, the kings of the I D. proclaimed demiurgo to the god menfita Ptah. Although this text dates B.C. of the year 700, it seems that it is based on other two thousand previous years.

    Took to be as the heart and he/she took to be as the language with the form of Atum; the Great one Powerful it is Ptah who infused life to all the divinities, as well as to its ka (it forces vital, protector and orientadora), by means of this heart, through which Horus became Ptah, and by means of this language, through which Thot became Ptah (Ptah thought and creó later with its word to the creative god Atum, transmitting this way its divine power to the other gods. Horus and Thot, associate couple traditionally, they are assimilated to the organs of the thought and the speech). This way it happened that the heart and the language dominated each part of the body by means of the teaching that him (Ptah like heart and language) it is in the body and in the mouth of all the gods, men, livestock, all that slithers and he/she lives when thinking and to order as much as he/she wants.

    Their Enéada was in its presence with the appearance of teeth and lips, that is to say the equivalent of the semen and the hands of Atum; therefore the Enéada of Atum was born of its semen and of its hands. The Enéada of Ptah, however, they are the teeth and lips of the mouth that it pronounced the name of everything, of which Shu and Tefnut sprouted, and that the Enéada formed. The view of the eyes, the hearing of the ears and smelling the air with the nose informs to the heart, that makes that each complete concept comes out, while the language enunciates what the heart thinks.

    this way all the divinities and their Enéada were formed it was complete; the divine category really charged to be because of what thought the heart and it ordered the language. The spirits ka and hemsut were made this way that they provide everything and they take care of all food, for mouth of that to speak; he/she surrendered this way justice to which makes the pleasant things and injustice to which makes them unpleasant; life was granted this way to the one that has peace and death to which has sin; it was made this way all work and all art, the action of the arms, the movement of the legs and each member's activity, of agreement with this commandment that he/she thought the heart that came out for intervention of the language and that it valorizes everything.

    Happened this way what was said of Ptah: "Who he/she made everything and he/she gave to be to the gods"; it is really Ta-tenen that gave origin to the gods, because everything arose of him: food and provisions, the offerings of the gods and all the good one. This way he/she was discovered and he/she understood that their power was bigger than that of the other gods. After making all this, Ptah was considered satisfied, as well as the whole divine stock; it had formed to the gods, built cities, established nomos, position the divinities in its altars, instituted its offerings, signal its sanctuaries and die forms to its bodies like that with what you/they were satisfied its hearts. Due to it the divinities penetrated in the bodies of each wooden species, of stone, of clay, or as soon as it can grow in him (Ptah), where they acquired form. This way all the gods, with their kas, congregated in him, cheerful and associated with the Mr. of the Two Countries.

The Humanity's Extermination.

There being you conversed the humanity against God, this decrees the extermination; but the humanity survives, since Hathor -the correspondent for the destruction - you/he/she is made drunk with beer and appeased her anger. With the extermination of those that escaped to the deserted Ra is as.

    Happened that Ra, the god that was born for itself, when he/she was king of gods and men. Then the humanity schemed something in the presence of Ra (cf. Gene 6,5-7); however, their Majesty - !vida, prosperity, health! - he/she said to those of their retinue: "I request you that you summon to my Eye, to Shu, Tefnut, Geb and Nut, to the parents and mothers that were with me when I was in Num (the abysmal waters in that the creation took place), and to the own Nun, my god, so that he/she brings its tribunal with him. You will make them to come secretly that doesn't see them the Humanity that you/they don't escape their hearts, and you will go with them to the Great House so that they refer their projects, from the times in that I went from Nun until the place in that I was born."

    Then those divinities were introduced and they arrived next to him, lowering the head until the floor in presence of their Majesty so that declares before the father of the adults, the humanity's author, the sovereign of people; they spoke this way in their majesty's presence: "You speak to us so that we hear you." Followed act Re said to Nun: " !Oh old god, in who I charged my being. ! Oh ancestral gods!, the humanity that was born of my Eye contemplate (of the tears of the creative god). He/she has plotted against me. Tell me what you will make. I ask it, because I won't kill her until he/she has not heard what you tell me about it." The majesty of Nun affirmed: "Ra, my son, bigger god that the one that made him and more powerful than who created him, sat down in your throne, the fear that you infuse is intense when your eye goes toward those that scheme against you." To the point the majesty of Ra said: " Look!, they escaped to the desert because their hearts fear me to speak to them." Then they answered in presence of their Majesty: " !Ojalá is a correspondent your Eye so that it is able to fasten those that scheme wickedness against you!. But the Eye is not quite eminent to smash them for you; he/she would have to descend as Hathor."

    Like consequence of it, such a goddess went and you/he/she killed the humanity in the desert; to the point the majesty of this divinity said: " !Bienvenida, Hathor that you made for me the work that made me come"!. And this goddess affirmed: "Since you live for me, I prevailed on the humanity and it is pleasing to my heart." With posteriority the majesty of Ra said: "I will prevail on them as sovereign diminishing them." This way Sekhmet, the malt of beer of the night was born to ford in the blood of the deads from Heracleópolis.

    Ra affirmed: "It summons for me, I request you, agile and speedy messengers, so that they are able to run as the shade of a body." The messengers were brought immediately and the majesty of Ra said: "You go to Elephantine and bring me red ocher in great quantity." It was presented him then that red ocher and the majesty of this great god made... .y That with the lateral ripple that is in Heliópolis (the supreme priest's of Ra epithet) it milled this red ocher. When new slaves milled barley to manufacture beer, the red ocher was added to the mass, being then like human blood. This way the majesty of the King of the First floor and of the High Egypt, Ra, appeared later with the other gods to contemplate the beer. When it blunted the day of the humanity's slaughter for the goddess in their station of going waters up, the majesty of Ra affirmed: " Excellent !Cuan is!; I will protect the humanity with her." Then Ra said: "Take it, I request it to you, to the place in that she hoped to kill the humanity." The majesty of the King from the High and Low Egypt, Ra, got up early with the purpose of working in full night, making that he spilled that soporific one. At once the fields swelled of liquids for palms, thanks to the power of the majesty of this god. That goddess arrived to the dawn and she found the flooded place; her face was shown beautiful in that moment. Then he/she drank and he/she went good to their heart, returning drunk without having seen the humanity.

Book of the Dead.

    Spell 175. Title: I charm for not dying for second time. Words that Ani, the triumphant one must say (of the three versions of those that prepare, this is the one that more I like; later on I will put the other versions of this spell).

    Atum: "Oh Thot, what has it happened?. It is among the children of Nut. They have created a great tumult; they have begun fights; they have made bad feats; they have created rebellion; they have made slaughters; they have made imprisonments. Plus still, in all that we could complete, they have made the big thing small. You speak to me, Thot"!. Atum was expressed this way.

    Thot: "You not truth such bad companies, you won't suffer, because their years they are taken a short cut and their detained months, as soon as all the hidden one has been destroyed through as much as you have made."

The deceased's     Palabras: "I am your palette, oh Thot, and I have offered for you your inkwell. I am not among the hidden thing that it should be destroyed. I am not he/she harms."

    Palabras of Osiris Ani: " Oh Atum, what is this?. I will leave to the desert, the earth of the silence"!.

    Atum: "There is not water, there is not air-deep, deep, dark, dark, limitless, limitless - in the one that you can live in the peace of heart of the earth of the silence. They are not enjoyed in her sexual pleasures, but you are given a state of beatitude in recompense for the water, the air and the sexual pleasure, and heart peace in recompense for bread and beer." Atum spoke this way.

    Protests of the deceased: " What punishment I have with not seeing your face!. All the other gods have assumed their place in front of the solar boat of millions of years."

    Atum: "Your place belongs to your son Horus. He will occupy your place and it will inherit the throne that is in the Island of the Flame. It is decreed that a man will see his partner, and my face will see to your face."

    The deceased, as Osiris: "Oh Atum, which will the duration of my life be"?. He/she spoke this way.

    Atum: "You will live millions of millions of years. I have caused that he/she hurtles to the big ones. Later I will destroy all that I have made, and this earth tornará to the Nun, to the waters, like in the first state. I will only survive, together with Osiris, when it has changed my form to another state, the snake that the men don't know or the gods don't come."

    How much well I have made for Osiris, different from the rest of the gods!. I have given him the desert, the earth of the silence, with their son Horus like heir in the throne of the Island of the Flame. I have also made their place in the boat of Millions of Years. Horus remains in its throne to found its monuments. The soul of Seth has been remote of the rest of the gods, because he/she wants to fear to the divine body."

    Horus: " Oh my father Osiris, make for me that that your father Ra made for you!. I remain in the earth, in order to be able to establish my place."

    Osiris: "My heir is healthy, my tomb lasts; I still have partisans in the earth. My enemies have fallen in the affliction, because Selqet has tied them. I am your son, father Ra. You make me this to assure the life, the prosperity and the health, while my son Horus remains in its throne. Make him to arrive the time from my step to a reverence state."

    Spell 23.   Opening of the deceased's mouth. Text that a priest must recite ceremonially pure.

    God willing Ptah can to open my mouth!. God willing he/she can the god of my city the vendillas that cover my face to loosen!. God willing Thot, armed of the words of power, remove these disastrous vendillas, inheritance of Seth!. God willing Atón can to throw them to the face of the enemies that wanted, with the help of these vendillas to become impotent forever!. God willing Shu can open my mouth with the iron weapon that he/she opens the mouth of the gods!. Because I am the goddess Sekhmet that inhabits the region of the big winds of the sky... .Yo is the genius of the constellation Sahú amid the divine spirits of Heliópolis. God willing all the enchantments directed against me leave indifferent and sure to the gods and the spirits that you/they hear them! .

    Spell 125. Trial of Osiris (negative confession of the sins).

    what is said when arriving at the Great Room of the Two Justice, to acquit X.... of all sin that has made, before the faces of the gods:

    Salud to you, oh great god, Mr. of the Two Justice. I have come until you, my gentleman; I have been brought to see your beauty. I know you, I know your name and those of the 42 gods that are after you in the Room of the Two Justice, live in those who preserve the wrong and that they drink their blood the day of the trial in presence of Wennofer. He/she looks, Satimerfiti, Mr. of the Justice it is your name. I have come to you. I bring you the justice, because I have thrown the bad. I have not caused suffering to the men. I have not mistreated the animals. I have not made sins in the temples. I have not known what is forbidden. I have not seen the wrong... .Mi names it has not arrived to the Master of the Boat. I have not blasphemed to the gods. I have not deprived the indigent of their subsistence. I have not made anything the gods to hate. I have not defamed a slave before their master. I have not made suffer another. I have not made cry to anybody. I have not killed. I have not given the order of killing. I have not stolen the goods of the templo)s. I have not damaged the foods of the gods. I have not falsified the measures of the cereals. I have not manipulated the pesos of the scales. I have not removed the milk of the boy's mouth. I have not moved away to the flock of their grass. I have not hunted the birds of the gods. I have not fished in their viveros. I have not obstructed the waters that you/they should run. The fire that should light have not extinguished. I have not refused to present offerings to the gods. I have not stolen their livestock. I have not stopped to a god in their procession.

    is pure (four times). My purity is the purity of the great bird - benu that is in Heracleópolis, because I am truly the nose of the Mr. of the Encouragement that makes all the men live, in the day in that is filled the Eye of Horus in Heliópolis, in the second month of the second station the last day, in the gentleman's of this earth presence. I am the one that has seen fill that Eye in Heliópolis he/she will Never play me the wrong in this earth or in this Room of the Two Justice, because I know the names of these gods that there is in her, the followers of the great god.... (they follow the protests of innocence directed to the 42 gods).

  ... I won't announce you the porter of the Room of the Two Justice he/she says, if you don't say my name." "Comprendedor of Hearts, Searcher of Bodies is your nombre''. "Then I should announce you to who"?. "To the god that is in their hour of service." "You should speak with the interpreter of the Two Lands." " Who is, because, the interpreter of the Two Lands? " It is Thot." "Do come closer, does Thot say; why have you come?" "Have I come here to be announced" Which is your condition?. "I am pure of sin. I have protected myself of the war of those that are in their days. I am not among them" Then, to who will I announce you?. I will announce you to that whose roof is of fire, its walls alive snakes and it dilutes its pavement." " Who is? " It is Osiris." "You go then. He/she looks, you are already announced. Your bread is the restored Eye; your beer is the Restored Eye. You have invocation offerings in the earth in the Restoring Eye Osiris he/she spoke This way X..., the deceased.

    (Instructions for the use of the charm). To execute of agreement with what takes place in this Room of the Two Justice. This charm must be recited when it is clean and pure, dress with new clothes, footwear with white sandals, perfumed with myrrh, to who has offered livestock, birds, incense, bread, beer and greenness. He/she writes this text in clean pavement in blended ocher with earth on the one that any pig or animal some has stepped. That in whose name this book has been written it will be prosperous, and its children will be prosperous, without avarice, because he/she will be the King's considered man and the courtiers. Loaves, jars, bread and meat pieces will be given him of the altar of the great god. It won't be stopped in any part of the West, but rather it will be introduced with the kings of the High one and of the Bajo Egipto and it will be in the cortege of Osiris.

True     and certain a million times.

Texts of the Sarcophaguses

The fields of the paradise.

Title: Entering and leaving the oriental doors of the sky among the followers of Ra.

    Knows to the Souls of the This. I know the central door from the one that Ra This appears in the. Their south is the pond of the birds--kha, in the place where Ra navigates with the breeze; its north is the waters of the bird-ro in the place where Ra navigates with its oars. I am the guardian of the nurse of the boat of the god; I am the rower that doesn't rest in the boat of Ra.

    Knows those two sycamores of turquoise green among those that Ra, both that come from the siembra of Shu in the same oriental door for which Ra is announced comes out.

    Knows that field of Canes of Ra. The wall that half-closes it is made of metal. The height of its barley is of 4 ulnas, its spike of one and its shaft of 3. Their emmer has 7 ulnas; the spike of this 2 and its shaft 5. There the inhabitants of the horizon are, of 9 ulnas of height that follow it, beside the Souls of the This.

Maximum of Ptah Hotep

Maximum of Ptah-hotep, king's Isesi visir (V Dinastía, 2560-2420 to. C.), it is the oldest example of «Instruction» that is conserved entirely. The basic manuscript is the Papiro Prisse (national Library, Paris), written much later, in the beginnings of the Half Empire. Very soon the Egyptians found the text difficult to interpret; the most recent fragments, of the New Empire (XVIII dynasty), they bring numerous corrections. From the literary point of view, it is already habitual in the Old Empire to present a reflection low sapiencial the form of a series of consecrated paragraphs each one to a particular topic. They don't lack the proverbs neither the aphorisms, but they have the function of going marking a speech from time to time rather descriptive.

The governor's of the city     Instrucción, the visir Ptah-hotep, under Their Majesty's reign the king of the High one and of the Bajo Egipto Isesi - that lives forever! -.

    The governor and visir Ptah-hotep said: «Mr., my owner! The age has arrived, the biggest age has arrived, the misfortune is there; the weakness reappears and for her there is to be put to bed the whole day; the low view, the hearings are deaf, the force fails due to the fatigue; the mouth is quiet and he/she can no longer speak; the spirit has absences and he/she no longer remembers yesterday; the bones make me suffer everywhere. What was good has become bad, all flavor has disappeared; the nose, plugged, can no longer breathe; to continue in foot, to sit down: everything is troublesome. What the age makes to the men is bad in all the aspects!

    Allows you to your humble servant to choose a shepherd's crook for its age, to who can repeat the words of the judges, the advice of those that in the past were and that then they obeyed the gods! That it happens the same thing with you, so that the wrong moves away from the town and they serve you the Two Banks!». Then the Majesty of that god spoke this way: «Teach him I what was said in the past, so that it is a good example for the children of the dignitaries and the trial and the accuracy penetrate in him. You speak to him, since nobody is wise from birth».

Here they give beginning the maxims of the beautiful speech that the noble count, father of the god, pronounced the own son bigger than the king, governor of the city, the visir Ptah-Hotep, to teach the ignoramus the knowledge according to the rules of the good speech, source of happiness for who listens to it and of misfortune for who rejects it. It is this way like he/she spoke their son:

Modesty. - 1. «Be not arrogant for your knowledge, but it consults to the man without culture as much as to the sage, since never a total competition is reached and the artisan never dominates fully his art. / The good word is more hidden than the malaquita, but he/she is it in the slaves' of the mills house.

    2. If you are as enemy in the debate with a had man of authority and that it is superior to you, it lowers the arm and it bends the back; if you don't agree with him, he won't bend to your view. Pay little attention to the malediciente and don't discuss their words; it will be crossed out of ignorant when your cold blood has equaled to its impertinence.

    3. If you are as enemy in the debate with a man similar to you, a man at your level that your virtue is manifested against him by means of the silence when he speaks with malice. The listeners will speak much of it and your fame will be good in the opinion of the magistrates.

    4. If you are as enemy in the debate with a modest man that is not similar to you, be not aggressive with him in proportion with their humility. Leave it; him same it will be convinced of error. Don't press it to discharge your resentment, don't pass your cholera on your opponent, because it is miserable the one that destroys to a weak of spirit. (In all ways) that will be made that you want; you will triumph of him for the disapproval of the magistrates.

The permanent justice. - 5. If you are a boss and you control people's destination, it looks for all that is good until there is not lack some in your way of governing. / The truth is a great thing and its effects remain; it has never been taken in lack from the time of Osiris. It is punished the one that conculca the laws, and it is a transgression (even) to rapacious people's eyes. The baseness destroys the wealth, and the injustice has never taken its company to good port. (The unjust one) he/she says: «I acquire for me», and not: «I acquire by means of my occupation»; but when the end arrives, it is the justice the one that remains. That is what a man receives from his father.

    6. Don't inspire terror to the men, because (then) it is also rejected to the god. One hoped to live thanks to him (the terror), but (finally) he/she was left without bread that to eat. Another hoped to get rich thanks to him and he/she said: «I will catch that that I am seeing, I will remove him something to other», and at the end he/she has it to him to give everything to somebody that not even knows. / The man's terror has never been effective; it is only effective the ordinance of the god. Intend to live in peace, and what you/they give people will come from good degree.

    Before the big ones. - 7. If you are among the guests of a bigger man that you, accept what he gives you, be what is what puts before you. He/she looks at that that this before you. Don't pass over to that man / nailing in him the look, because the «ka» it feels displeasure when he/she is bothered. You don't speak to him before he calls you, because nobody knows what can displease him. You speak to him when he/she goes to you, and what you tell him will like. As for the dignitary in charge of the food, their attitude depends on the disposition of its «ka». He/she will give to their favorite one, since (it is this way as) he/she is carried out the advice of the night, and it is the «ka» who extends the arms; a dignitary gives (only) to the one that has been able to become man (distinguished). To eat bread depends on the decision of the god; an ignoramus would only complain about him.

    The messenger. - 8. If you are the person of trust that one sends to other, I know perfectly exact when he sends you. It treats the matter as him he/she said; it avoids a calumnious language that could entangle to a powerful one with other, deforming the truth. He/she should not repeat a word of cholera, big or small; and that upsets to the «ka».

Rich     and poor. - 9. If you are farming that this bud in your field and that the god fills your hand; he/she notices you boast in presence of your kin, because one has in great consideration to which knows how to be quiet. If a virtuous man becomes rich, in the tribunal he is hit the language like a crocodile. Don't make be worth your credit on which lacks children, neither make fun (of him) boasting of yours; some father happens it punishes and some mother that has given to light; another can be happier than her! An alone man to who the God makes prosper gives envy to a tribe boss.

    1O. If you are a humble man to the service of a rich one that all your behavior is good before the god. If you know that in the past he was poor, be not arrogant with him for what you know about their past; you respect it included by virtue of their elevation, since the fortune doesn't come alone: such it is their law for the man that wants it. If it is sobreabundante, it is respected their possessor, because the god is the one that has made it rich and it protects it until when he/she sleeps.

    The time of the desire. - 11. It follows your desire while you are with life, and don't make more than what is this; you don't abbreviate the time in that you follow your desire, because to lose that time upsets to the «ka». Don't use I the time of the day more than what requires the care of your house. When the wealth arrive, it follows your desire, because the wealth don't take advantage when one neglects the desire.

    Fader and son. - 12. If you are a rich man, a son that finds the favor of the god engenders. If it is loyal, it follows your example and he/she takes care meetly of your goods, then make him all the very possible one, because he/she is your son that your «ka» it has engendered for you. Don't move away from him your heart, because an offspring likes to contradict. If he/she strays and it doesn't follow your advice, if all that is said discusses and he/she murmurs bad words, punish him for all their words, demonstrate him that you are unhappy; / it is that he/she has the failure put in the body. To the one that (the gods) they guide it cannot stray, but to the one that they deprive of boat it cannot cross.

    In the tribunal. - 13. If you are in the lobby (of the tribunal), behave according to the procedure that you were assigned the first day. Don't happen if they don't admit you. Bothersome the one that enters for influences; that that is mentioned only enters freely. The lobby / it follows a strict rule and it is necessary to behave in him according to the law; the god is the one that makes advance and those that go giving nudges don't end up well.

    The man of trust. - 14. If you are amid people, he/she chooses as collaborator to a man of trust, because a man of trust doesn't deform the ideas in his breast. The same one will be made boss and it will possess goods by virtue of their behavior. Then your fame will be good without you have to speak; your body will be well fed, your face will return to yours and they will come to present you what is ignored you. But the one that obeys the stomach, picks up dislike / instead of love; their heart is sad and its body is not well anointed. Cheerful it is the heart of those that the god fills, but the one that obeys its stomach belongs to the enemy.

    To the return of a mission. - 15. He/she gives bill of your mission without hiding anything; in your master's advice, expón your behavior. Certainly, when the master says «no» of form desmesurada, it is difficult to the messenger to make his report without responding: «Who is then the one that knows it?». But..., would it make an error the nobleman in their own matter? If he/she decides to be opposed the messenger to this purpose, he will keep silent saying: «I have spoken».

    The duties of a boss. - 16. If you are a boss, he/she administers with width of aims what you have been trusted and you will make important things. He/she thinks of the coming days, so that any annoying matter it doesn't arise amid the favors; if not, a crocodile will be introduced and the hate will be presented.

17. If you are a boss, I know indulgent when you listen the words of a pedigüeño. You don't mistreat him until it has emptied their stomach of what intended to tell you. For the oppressed one it is more important to alleviate their heart that to see how he/she is carried out that for what had come. Of the one that rejects the petitions it is said: «Why does it reject them?». Although all that cannot be granted that claims (the plaintiff), to listen to it with benevolence is a relief for the heart.

    The women. - 18. If you want to conserve the friendship in a house where you enter like master, like brother or I eat friend, where you enter you stay of coming closer to the women, because anything good it happens where that is made. The look that he/she observes them is never too cautious, countless men they allow to leave (this way) of what is good for them. A short instant, the appearance of a dream, and you have enough the death to have them well-known; (..) don't make it, it is an abomination and every day you will really be free of all dryness of the heart. But to who falls for greed of them, no project will come out him well in its hands.

    The avarice. - 19. If you want that your behavior is good, move away from all wrong. Stay of an act of avarice: it is a bad and incurable illness; he/she makes impossible the trust; he/she gets involved to parents, mothers and uterine siblings; it separates the woman and the husband; it is an accumulation of all that there is of bad and a sack of all that is hateful. The man subsists when the right is its behavior line and it continues right its road; / it gets this way fortune, while the greedy person won't have a sepulcher.

    20 is not ambitious in the allotment, don't ambition anything outside of what belongs you. Be not greedy with your relatives, because the meek man's reclamation has more force than that of the brutal one. This receives very little of his and he/she doesn't obtain more than negative when he/she requests. Until an insignificant part of what ambitions transforms a friend in a litigant.

    The wife. - 21. If you enjoy well-being, case a home, loves your wife in your house like it corresponds. Feed her well, you dressed their backs; the ointment is a remedy para  its body. It makes happy their heart while you live, because it is a profitable earth for their you don't judge it, but neither you put it in position of force (..) their look is as tempest wind. It appeases their heart with what plays you; it will continue living in your house. If you reject it, there will be tears. The married act is what she gives in compensation of its maintenance; what she waits is that it is made for her a channel (of irrigation).

    Friendly and gifts. - 22. He/she gives pleasure to your friends with what plays you; that is possible for that to who the god favors. Of the one that doesn't give pleasure to their friends, it will be said: «It is a «ka» selfish! A true one «ka» it is a «ka» of the one that is satisfied!». Nobody knows what can happen so that the tomorrow it can be foreseen. If the setbacks come on those that (now) they are favored, they will be their friends those that say: «Welcome!». When lacking support in the town, it is appealed the friends in the event of difficulty.

    The slander. - 23. Don't repeat a slander neither you listen to it, because it is an irascible man's work. He/she repeats what you have seen, and not what you have only heard. If it is something without importance, don't say anything; your speaker will know (your) virtue. Is it ordered to impede that (the slander) is it expressed; but the one that is taken charge of catching it (?) it is made hate as the law. The slander is as a dream before which hides the face.

    In the advice. - 24. If you are a notable and you have seat in your master's advice, it picks up your spirits. Be quiet; that is more useful than (the plants) teftef; he/she only speaks when you believe that you can clarify the matter. To the expert he/she plays him to speak in the advice, because the word is more difficult than any other work and he/she only gives authority to who thoroughly dominates her.

    25. If you are powerful, make you respect for your knowledge and for the calm of your language. Don't give orders more than thinking them well: the one that irritates, has problems. Be not cavalier, fearing being humiliated. Be not silent; they would reproach you. When you respond to an inflamed one, it separates your face, control you. The flame of a rapturous one (soon) he/she goes out, and when a man proceeds with moderation, his road is leveled. The one that is the whole somber day, will never have good time; the one that the whole day is frivolous, will never seat its house. The one that doesn't worry is as the one that has helm: he/she leaves aside a matter and he/she keeps otro;  (but) the one that listens to their heart will say: «Ah, if only...!».

    To the service of the big ones. - 26. Don't oppose you to the action of a big one; you don't bother an important man, because their bitterness will rise against who is he hostile, while its benevolence will fall on the one that loves him. The one that is shown benevolent it is with the god, and what he wants happens. It looks for the calm after the tempest. The satisfaction comes from its benevolence, but the bitterness comes from an enemy. The benevolence is the one that makes grow the love.

    27. He/she informs to a big one of what is he useful; I makes so that it is received among people that its wisdom influences in its master, and you will obtain your subsistence on behalf of its «ka»; the stomach of the favorite one will be satiate, and your back will be dressed. If your arm is guided, you will be able to be in charge of of the life of your low house the master that you love. He will live off her and he/she will lend you their attendance. The tranquility will last long time, because your love is in the intimacy of those that love you. He/she looks, the one that delights in obeying is really somebody!.

    In the tribunal. - 28. If you act as official dedicated to the tribunal, as a taken charge that he/she has to ingratiate with people, I know impartial in your trial when you speak and don't lean to a single side. It offers that (the litigant) he/she doesn't refer their matter to the magistrates to guide the decision in their favor. It guides your action toward the true justice.

    29. If you have been indulgent in a last matter and you have decided in a man's favor by reason of their right, (then) you leave it and don't think more of him, (although) from the first day it has been shown silent with you.

    The pride of the wealth. - 30. If you have become big after having been small, and if you make fortune after having known the poverty in the city that you know, don't boast of what you have acquired. Don't trust of your wealth that you/they have only come for a gift of the god; you would run the risk of being overcome by one of your similar to who has passed him the same thing.

    31. It bends the back before your superior, and your intendant in palace; then your house will subsist on its foundations and your wage will arrive in due course of time. Bad he/she goes to who is opposed to the superior, because one only lives while their indulgence lasts. (Also), the arm doesn't twist when he/she extends (to greet).

    The robbery. - you don't rob   the house of the neighbors, neither steal your neighbor's goods, be not that he/she complains about you until you hear say: «That is work of an evil heart!». The one that hears you will take to the tribunal. Bad he/she will go to who is opposed their neighbors.

    32. Don't go to bed with a boy, because you know / that what is forbidden will become necessary to their heart and that he/she will never be able to what has in the body to calm down. That it doesn't spend the night making what is forbidden, so that it can calm down after having repressed their desire.

    to prove a friend. - 33. If you try to know the character of a friend, don't ask to one of their neighbors, but it tries in private with him until you stop to worry about their attitude. Some time later, discusses with him and it proves its thoughts with occasion of a conversation. If he/she is escaped what has seen, if he/she tries to get angry against him, he/she keeps it silence or show you friendly with him; you don't move away from him your face. I know wise when he/she reveals a matter; you don't respond in state of agitation; you don't move away from him; you don't humiliate. He/she won't stop to arrive their time, because nobody can escape from that that has foredoomed it.

    34. I know liberal while you live. What leaves the warehouse won't be able to return to him: it is bread that it is necessary to share and people are hungry of it. The man of empty stomach is the one that complains, and the one that criticizes an unhappy man is made; you don't become intimate with him! The kindness, that is what a man leaves years after (he has left) the scepter.

    35. He/she knows your neighbor well while you have fortune and don't be sulked with your friends; that will be to sow on the river. That is more important than the wealth, because the goods of one can pass to other, but the (good) a man's character of (high) position will be he useful to him same, and a good reputación  will become a monument.

    to Punish knowingly. - 36. It punishes severely, it reprehends with rigor, because the suppression of the wrong will make you famous. But when the damage has only been accidental, he/she plays the one that complains to attempt the action.

    The frivolous woman. - 37. If you marry a woman that is (..) that is frivolous and very well-known for their compatriots that it is (...), I know good with her for some time, don't reject her, but you give him of eating. The frivolous woman (...)

    The art of listening. - 38. If you listen what I have told you, your projects they will be excellent, as those of of listening to your adults. Their truth remains, it is its treasure, and its memory passes to the mouth of the men because its maxims were good. Each one of their words is transmitted and any he/she will never get lost in this country, because they take toward the good the thoughts, and the noblemen will speak of them. The teaching of a man is made to be said it / to the posterity: who listens to it a teacher it will be made listening. It is good to speak to the posterity; she will listen. If he/she is carried out a good action for a man that has boss's category, their fame he/she won't have end and their wisdom will be eternal.

    The sage takes care of his spirit and it secures this way in the earth his good fortune. It is recognized the sage by what knows and to the nobleman for their good actions. Their heart y  their language is in harmony, its lips are fair when they speak, their eyes come, their hearings are enjoyed in hearing what is useful to its son. It happens this way with the one that works the truth without any injustice.

    The obedient son. - 39. For an obedient son it is useful to listen. If the heard things penetrate in the listener, the one that listens becomes able to hear (the complaints). The one that listens well will know how to speak well. The one that listens sack profit of it, because to listen comes to the listener well. To listen is more profitable than any other thing, because it is this way like one makes one love. How beautiful it is to see a son accept what their father says! It will reach this way long years. The one that listens is a man to which the god loves, and the one that doesn't listen is a man to which the god hates. It is the heart the one that accustoms their possessor to listen or to not listening. The heart of a man is life, prosperity and health. All listener hears well the one that speaks, but only the one that delights in listening will work according to what is said. How beautiful it is that a son obeys his father, and how he is happy that to who is said: «What son so brilliant! How he/she knows how to obey!». The (son) docile of the one that that can be said he/she is an entirely right man and honored by their father. Their memory will be in the mouth of the men, so much of those that live in the earth like of those that will come.

    40. If a man of category accepts what his father says, none of his projects fails. Your education has to make of your son an obedient man that will be very welcomed in the opinion of the responsible ones and it will guide its mouth according to what was said. A son is successful when his behavior is distinguished, but the failure awaits the one that doesn't obey.

    The fool. - 41. The sage gets up soon to seat his situation, but the fool gets up soon to become agitated. The fool that doesn't want to listen, cannot carry out anything. It considers the knowledge as the ignorance and the profitable things as the noxious ones; all he/she makes it in a reprehensible way and he/she is found in lack every day; he/she lives off that he/she makes die and their food is to deform the words. Their bad character is known by the responsible ones. By day in day he/she dies living and if it passes on their crimes it is for the great number of problems that he/she brings every day on yes.

    Transmisión. - 42. But an obedient son is a servant of Horus, and everything goes well on him when it has obeyed. It reaches a great age amid honors and he/she speaks their children in the same way, renovating their father's teaching, since each one emblem just as he/she has lived. He/she speaks their children so that they can speak their own children in turn. A model continues, don't offend anybody, you/he/she secures the truth in the life of your children the adult she hardly comes with a lie. God willing coming people say: «This is as that»!, and God willing those that hear can also say: «It is exactly as that»! And people will be satisfied, without that which is not any profit in the wealth.

    Dominio of the word. - 43. Don't remove any word, neither you add it, neither put one instead of another. Stay of opening up (..) in yourself. It watches the sage's word and he/she listens, if you want to last yourself in the mouth of those that listen to you. When you speak, make it as an expert; he/she speaks to the perfection and all your projects will come out well.

    44. It represses your desires, retén your language; then you will be admitted among the dignitaries. I know perfectly exact with your teacher and it acts so that he/she can say: «That is my son!», and that who hear they can say: «Honor to which has engendered you!». I know patient when you speak and you will say interesting things; then the dignitaries that hear you will say: «How well he/she speaks!».

    to Overcome the father. - 45. It acts so that your teacher says of you: «How good education has given him its father! It has really left him, because what their father told him took body in him and it has overcome what told him». / He/she looks, a good son, just as god gives it, it is that that overcomes what his teacher taught him: it completes the justice, since their heart acts according to its decision.

    final Desires and balance of a life God willing you some with me, healthy of body, with the king's satisfaction for all him... and balance of a life that has been made! God willing alive longer time that me! What I made in the earth is not thing of little it mounts: I turned the hundred ten years of life that the king has given me, enjoying very superior favors to those of my ancestors, since I worked with rightness towards the king until the state of blesseness.

Finished    , from the beginning until the end, according to what was in the writing.

King's Amenemes instruction for their son Sesostris

Here the teaching that made Its Majesty the king of the High one begins and of the first floor Egypt, Sehetepibrê, the son of Rê, Amenemes, the justified one, speaking as messenger from the truth to its son, Mr. of the universe.

    Says:

    You that appeared as a god, listen what I will say you, so that you can be king of the country, governor of the Banks, and to get an increase of well-being.

    Distrusts mainly of the subordinates: they are not anything, it is not necessary to pay a lot of attention to their respect. Don't come closer to them when you are alone. Don't trust of a brother, don't know friend, don't make you / intimate, because this doesn't bring any profit. When you will rest, he/she keeps yourself your heart, because in the day of the misfortune nobody has partisans.

    I gave to the poor person; I educated the orphan. To the one that anything had I made him prosper like to the one that was rich. Because well, the one that ate my bread is the one that has gathered rebellious against me; to the one that had spread my arms, that took advantage of he/she stops to create the terror; those that took my fine linen have considered it as straw (vulgar), and those that were perfumed with my myrrh have spit before me.

    You that are my alive images, my heirs of among the men, make for me a lamentation just as it was never heard, because a similar fight has never been seen. But those that combat in the battle field fall soon in the forgetfulness, and the kindness doesn't serve from anything to who doesn't know the one that should know.

    Relato of the murder. - it was after having dinner, and he/she had fallen the night. I took a hour of rest in my channel, because it was tired; and he/she began to dream, when they lifted weapons against my guard's men. I reacted as the snake of the desert: I woke up for the fight body to body with the watch. If he/she had been able to throw with the weapons in the hand, he/she would have made go back to the culprits in disorder; but nobody can advance amid the night, nobody can combat alone and it cannot leave airy without any defender.

    Looks, the aggression took place while it was without you, before the court had known that it transmitted you the power and before I had sat down in the throne with you. For that reason I would like to seek advice, because I had not gotten ready for it and he/she had not even thought it. I had not been happened the negligence of of the servants. Have the women entered at some time in combat? Has he/she lodged to the rebels at some time in the own house? Is free course left to the waters or are the fields destroyed so that poor people are frustrated of her work?

    The works of the reign. I never had any misfortune from my birth and in the works of value nobody equaled my fame. I went until Elephantine and then I returned until the moors of the Delta. I worried about the frontiers of the country and I watched over the interior. I enlarged the limits of my power for the force of my arm and for my anger. It was the one that picked up barley, the lover of Neper; the Nile surrendered honors in all its free extension and nobody passed hunger in my time.

    The men lived in peace, thanks to what had made, and they spoke of me, because all that ordered was in their due place. I tamed lions, I captured crocodiles, I squashed people of Wawat, I squashed the Madjoy, I made the Asians leave furtively, like to dogs.

Council to Sesostris. I built myself an adorned house of gold, with the lapislazuli roof, the silver paredes , the wooden floor of acacia, the copper doors, a work made for the eternity and prepared to always last.

I recognize that the possessor of all this is the Mr. of the universe [Sesostris].

Sesostris, my son! Although my feet leave, my heart however doesn't think more than in you since my eyes saw you, born in a moment of happiness in presence of the Celestial ones that you/they revered you.

    Looks, I made the beginning and you chain the end. I have transmitted you what there is in my heart, and you have encircled the white crown of the sprout of the gods now. The sealed things are in their place, thanks to the dispositions that I took for you. There is a great happiness in the boat of Rê, because the royalty has been born in its primordial state again, thanks to that that acts with love, thanks to that that makes prowesses.

It builds your strong squares, it restores your fortified works, stay of beginning knowledge with people, because I don't want them to be surrounding your Majesty.

Finish happily.

Satire of the Occupations of Dwa-Jeti

Comienzo of the instruction that the man of called Silé Dwa-Jeti made for its son Pepy, while it navigated in address of the south toward the Residence, in order to put it in the writing school among the children of the dignitaries, the most famous school in the Residence.

   spoke this way to Him:

    has seen those that receive blows. You should be devoted to the writing! I have observed those that have led to the forced work. He/she looks: anything surpasses to the writing: it is a ship on the water!

    Lee, because, at the end of the book of Kemyet, this statement: «EI writes, be which fuere its occupation in the Residence, won't lack anything». He completes the desires of another that until then he/she had never left satisfied. I don't see another profession that can be compared with that and to verify this maxim. I will make you love the books more than to your mother and to deploy before you their excellence. It is the bigger than the professions. Anything in the earth is comparable with her. The scribe hardly begins to be expert, he is already greeted, although he is still boy, and they send it to execute a task; he/she won't already return to put on an apron (of artisan)!

    Never saw a stonecutter make a career (important), neither to a goldsmith in charge of a mission; but I have seen a boilermaker to the door of its oven. Their fingers resembled the claws of the crocodile and he/she smelled worse than the rotten fish.

    The carpenter that takes the hazada is more tired than a journeyman of the field. Their field is its wood; its sickle is the axe. Their work doesn't know truce and he/she has to get tired beyond its forces; at nightfall, he/she still has to light (...)

    The jeweler holes bills for the necklace with all kinds of hard stones; and when it has just incrusted the eye of the amulets, they fail him the forces, it is out. He/she sits down until the arrival of the sun, with cramps in the knees and in the (...)

    The barber continues shaving until the evening; but he has to get up very soon and to scream, with the bacía in the hand, going of street in street in search of who to shave. It uses the arms to fill the stomach, as the bee that doesn't eat more than according to what works.

    The low cutter of canes for the river until the delta to go him same to look for arrows. He/she works above their forces, itched by the mosquitos and bitten by the fleas of the sand. And then he/she has fever.

    The potter is covered with earth, although he still lives among the alive ones. It revolves the field like a pig for (to be able to) to cook their pots. Their dresses are dirty of mud; their turban is not more than a rag. The air that leaves its burning oven penetrates him for the nose. Pisa the clay with their feet, making him same (I officiate) of pylon. It dirties the lobby of the houses with the earth that squashes.

    will Also describe you to the bricklayer. Their kidneys harm him, because he/she has to stay it was, to the wind and without dresses, with a rope for belt and a cloth in the buttocks. Tense of fatigue, their arms lose all their force. Hardening dungs with the cement, he/she eats up the bread with their fingers (dirty), because he/she only washes once himself a day.

    What life so hard that of the carpenter that brushes the beams! For the roof of a room of ten elbows for six, one month passes until having put the beams, extended the roof and finished the whole work. But (during that time) nobody provides in their house the necessary food to their children.

    The market gardener has to take the yoke; his two shoulders bend under the hock and it takes in the nape a callosity that is infected. The morning passes watering vegetables, the afternoon watering cucumbers, and the noon the palmeral. He/she sometimes collapses and he/she dies in the task 1, more than in any other occupation.

    The villager screams more than the rooks; his voice is stronger than that of the crows. Their fingers are llagados for the (earth) that stinks. When they take it to hire him in the earth of the Delta, a rag is made. It suffers, once arrived at the island, because the illness is its wage and the task there triples. If it returns of the swamp, it arrives at their completely out house, because the work has ruined its health.

    The weaver inside his shop is more unfortunate than a woman (in childbirth pains); the tight knees against the stomach, he is not able to neither to breathe. If it loses only one day without knitting, they punish him with fifty lashes. And he/she has to give food to the porter so that this allows him to come by the light of the day.

More unfortunate     still, the maker of arrows that has to go to the desert. He/she has to pay for their she-ass more than what provides him their work and to pay the peasant that indicates him the road. When it returns home, the road has destroyed it.

    The caravanero leaves to the foreigner, after having passed over its goods to its children, fearing the lions and to the Asians. It is only well when it returns to Egypt, because (during their trip) their house is only a canvas, instead of a roof of tiles, and without lobby to take the air.

    The embalmer has the fingers that stink with the scent of the cadavers and the eyes irritated by the dense smoke. It cannot come undone of their dirt, even when a whole day passes in a puddle of canes, and its dresses cause him smell.

Very unfortunate     is the tanner that transports its sticks of hardening. Their warehouses are full with hides and all that bites him tastes like leather.

    The laundryman makes the laundry on the water, very near the crocodiles. «Father their son and their daughter tell -him -, I leave far from the average water, to look for a more interesting occupation, whichever it is, but more outstanding». Their food is blended of dirt; ~no has neither a single clean member! He/she has to wash the impure woman's clothes. He/she cries, the day passing beating in the flagstone (of washing). They scream him: «Dirty bleach! They come soon that this spills out!».

    To the pajarero anything goes him well when it watches the inhabitants of the sky. When it passes something flying above the, he/she says: «If he/she had my nets now...». But the god doesn't give him that opportunity, since only it feels hate for what has made.

    Wants to also speak to you of the fisherman that is since the one that has a more unfortunate occupation, he/she must work with the infested bank of crocodiles. When it counts (their fishing), he/she complains and he/she cannot say (as) it excuses: «There was a crocodile there», since it has been their fear the one that has blinded him. When it arrives at the river, he/she says: «To god he/she goes!».

    Looks, also be not occupation without boss, except that of the scribe, because he is the master!

    If you know how to write, this will be better for you than all the occupations that have presented you. He/she looks, the official is a clerk, the same thing that the one administered. The lessee cannot tell to the proprietor: «Don't stay watching over me!».

    what I have made (when undertaking) this trip from the south to the Residence, I have made it for love to you. (Until) only one day in the school is advantageous for you, since the work that there becomes hard all the eternity, as the mountains. It looks for with pleasure the work of the school, while the workers that I have given you to know have to strive and they force to work rapids to the recalcitrant ones.

    will tell you another thing to become trained what you must know in that place in that you will have to fight. Don't come closer to a place where they dispute. If some goes some reproach and you don't know how to resist to their cholera in listeners' presence, he/she responds with caution.

    If you go behind the officials, it remains at distance of the last one. If you enter when the house owner is in her and before you his hands are spread to other, sit down with the hand in the mouth. Don't request anything in their presence, but you make what says. Stay of coming closer to the table.

    Remains serious, don't rob you of your dignity. Don't say your secrets, because the one that hides their intimate thoughts that a shield is made. Don't pronounce words without thinking when you feel with an irritated man.

    When you return of the school after the announcement of the pause of the noon, he/she enters in the patio and it discusses of the last part of your reading book.

    When an official sends you as messenger, I gave what he said. Don't cut neither add anything. The one that abandons a coffer (of books?), won't their name last. To the one that is wise in all their roads, anything will be hidden and it won't be rejected for none of their positions.

    doesn't tell anything reinforcement on your mother: it is an abomination for the officials.

    The sprout that makes useful things, their condition is similar to that of yesterday.

    doesn't have too much indulgence with an undisciplined man, because then they would speak bad of you.

    When you have eaten three mouthfuls of bread and tossed two swigs of beer, if your body is not satisfied, tame it. If other he/she gorges, don't join with him. Stay of coming closer to their table!

    Looks, it is convenient that, once farewell people, hear (only) the words of the dignitaries. You have to adopt the forms of the children of the noblemen and to follow their prints.

    is considered to a scribe that it is shown understanding, since the understanding transforms a passionate person.

    Remains in foot when they direct you welcome words. That your feet don't hurry when you walk. Don't come closer as man full with trust.

    Tries with a more eminent man that you; but that your friend is of your generation.

    Looks, I have put you in the one on the way to the god. The Renenet [goddess protector] of a scribe it is on their shoulder from the day of their birth. When one makes exact man, it arrives at the room of the court of justice.

    Looks, be not scribe to the one who he lacks the food and the provisions of the real House - life, prosperity, health! -. It is Meskenet [goddess of the birth and of the destination], the scribe's protector, the one that presents it before the school of the magistrates.

    Worships your father and your mother that put you in the one on the way to the alive ones. He/she remembers well all this that I have put before your eyes and before those of the children of your (...)

Happily completed.

Story of Sinuhé

The oldest manuscripts proceed of toward the 1800. The text has also been conserved in 5 papyruses and in 17 óstraca.

The narration is located by the middle of the s. XX B.C. it was composed at the beginning of the XII dynasty, low Sesostris I (1962-1928 B.C.). The narrator, Sinuhé, Egyptian official in Amenemhet I court, counts in first person his escape of Egypt for a long period of voluntary exile. To the death of the faraón Amenemhat I (1991-1962 B.C.), Sinuhé has news of the fights for the succession and he/she decides to put safe its life. He/she escapes and it travels through Palestine until Biblos. Accepted in palace, he/she ends up marrying the daughter of the prince of Retenu. It describes their successes largely. In their age, the faraón hears speak of him and he/she invites him to return, being received with big honors and with the construction of a pyramid.

Escape of Sinuhé

...Entonces went toward the south. He/she didn't have the intention of going to this Court, because he/she thought that it would have revolved there and he/she didn't believe to be able to survive after it. I crossed the waters of Maaty, in the proximities of the Sycamore, and I arrived at the island of Snefru, there the day I passed in the limit of the cultivated lands. I started again when he/she went by day and I found a man that was in my road, he greeted me with deference while I was afraid of him. As dinnertime it had arrived, I approached to the city of Negau. I crossed (the river) in a raft without helm, thanks to the breeze of the wind of the west, and I passed to the east of the Quarry in the high thing of «The Lady of the Red Montaña». After I put on in road toward the north, I reached those «Walls of the Prince» that had been built to repel the Setyu and to squash to the Corridors of Sands. I adopted the position of having bent over in a heath, fearing that guard's sentries that day on the wall they could see me. I started in the night and the following morning I arrived to Petni, having made a high one in the island of Kemuer, I suffered an attack of thirst so that I suffocated and my throat was dry. I told myself: «This is the flavor of the death!», but I made an effort my heart and I stood up after having heard the bellow of the livestock and sighted the Setyu. A boss that (he/she was) there and that it had been in Egypt it recognized me. Then he/she gave me water, he/she made me cook milk, I went with him to their tribe and them (me) they tried well.

A country gave me to (other) country. I left Biblos and I went to Quedem. There a year and half I happened. Amunenshi, the prince of superior Retenu, took me I get. He told me: «You will be happy with me, (because) you will hear the language of Egypt». He/she said this because he/she knew my character and he/she had heard speak of my wisdom, since Egyptian that were there with him they had testified in my favor. And he told me: «Why have you come here? Is it that something has happened in the Court?» did I tell him Then: «The King from the High and Low Egypt, Sehetepibre, has left toward the horizon and that was not known that could happen in this occasion». Then I spoke disguising the truth: «I returned from a campaign to the country of the Lybian ones when I was announced this and my spirit was upset; my heart was not in my body and it drove me to the one on the way to the flight, (although) it had not been spoken against me, neither it had been spit against my face; I had not heard any injurious word and my name had not been heard of the herald's mouth. I don't know what he/she has brought me to this country; it was like a decision of God».

The new king's praises, Sesostris I

Then he told me: «How will this country act without him, this god benefactor whose fear was had (extended) among the foreign countries as that of Sejmet in a year of pest?». I told him responding him: «Truly their son has entered in palace and he has taken possession of his father's inheritance, it is a nonpareil god, before he has not existed any other fellow man. He/she is a teacher of wisdom, of excellent plans and effective orders, I lower whose order leaves and one comes. It is him who subdued to the foreign countries, while their father remained inside his palace; and he realized when that that (his father) it had ordered it was carried out. He/she is certainly a brave that acts with their strong arm, a nonpareil hero when he/she is seen that it liquidates the barbarians or he/she enters in combat...»

Sinuhé among the Bedouin

Then he told me: «Certainly Egypt is happy because he/she knows that he is valiant. But he/she looks, you are here, you will stay with me and I will treat you well». It placed me for before their own children and he/she married me their bigger daughter. He/she made me choose for myself (something) of their own earth, of the best thing of what he possessed, near the frontier of another country. It was an excellent country whose name was Iaa. In him there were figs and vineyards; the wine was more abundant than the water, he/she had a lot of honey and olive oil in quantity. All kinds of fruits hung of its trees. There also there were wheat and barley and all grain class without it limits. All that granted me was important because of the love that felt for me. He/she made me boss of a tribe, among the best in their country. Ration nutritious, fermented drinks and he/she came they were given me every day, as well as cooked meat, roasted bird, without counting the small livestock of the desert. It was hunted for me (boar) and it was placed before me, besides what you/they brought my hunt dogs. Numerous (pastries) they were prepared for me and the milk was in all that had cooked.

Numerous years I happened (this way), my children had become warriors, each one of them directing their own tribe. The messenger that descended or it ascended toward the Court he/she stopped to my side, because I made stop everybody. I gave water to the thirsty one, it put in in route to that that had strayed, it aided who had been stolen. When the Setyu [Bedouin seminómadas] they began the hostilities against the bosses of the foreign countries, I advised their movements, because the prince of (Re)tenu made me to spend many years like major of its army. I attacked each country victoriously against which left, so that it was robbed of their grasses and of their wells; it captured their livestock, it took with me to their inhabitants, he/she took their food, it slaughtered their people that were there, for my strong arm, my arch, my maneuvers and my excellent advice. I won their heart and he/she loved me, because it recognized how brave it was; it placed me to the head of their children, because he had seen how robust they were my arms.

It combats singular against the strong man of Retenu (cf. David and Goliat, 1 Sam 17)

A strong man of Retenu that provoked me in my store came. He/she was a nonpareil hero and it had conquered to the (country of Retenu) all integer. He/she said that it would fight with me; he/she thought that it would rob me and he/she intended to steal my flocks according to the advice of their tribe. This prince of Retenu spoke with me and me I said: «I don't know him, I am not certainly their relative that can go for a walk freely for their camp. Have I opened their door at some time?, have I demolished their fences?; does envy feel because you see me execute your orders. Truly I am as the bull of a flock (that enters) amid another flock; the bull of (this second) flock attacks him and an ox of long horns charges against him. Does it exist a modest man that transformed into boss it is loved? Any barbarian that allies with a man of the Delta doesn't exist. Could a papyrus grow on a rock? If a bull wants to combat, would a ferocious bull return the back fearing that the other one equals him? If their heart wants the combat that he/she says what wants! Does a god that ignores what has been dedicated him exist and a man that that knows that will happen him?»

During the night I tightened my arch and I prepared my arrows; I unsheathed my sword and I polished my weapons. When it was by day, (the town) of Retenu it had arrived; the one had gathered their tribes and summoned halfway their countries. He/she didn't think more than in this combat.

Then he came toward me while I waited, I placed myself near him. All the hearts beat for me; the married women sighed and all the hearts burned for me, while they said: «Does another strong man that can fight against him exist?». Then it brandished their shield, their axe and their handful of darts; after I had escaped to their weapons, I allowed to pass their arrows before me without effect, although one continued to the other one. Then he/she rushed against me. I shot against him and my arrow was nailed in its neck. He/she screamed and he/she fell on their nose. I knocked down him with their own axe and I uttered my scream of war on their back. All the Aamu [sedentary] they shouted. I carried out an action of thanks to Montu, while their people complained on him. This prince Amunenshi hugged me.

Then I took possession of their goods, I took their animals; what he had planned to make with me, I made it to him. I took what there was in their store and I plundered their camp. I became in powerful, big in my treasures, rich in my livestocks. God has acted this way to manifest its mercy toward that with the one that had been irritated and he/she had made wander in another country. Their heart is satisfied today. A fugitive escaped in his time, (now) my fame extends until the Court. A negligent one crawled victim of the hunger, (now) I give bread to my neighbor. A man abandoned his country for his nakedness, (now) I have dresses of white linen. A man ran because he didn't have the one who to send, (now) I have a multitude of slaves. My house is beautiful, my property is wide, but my memory is in palace...

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