Frustrating to learn this. How many hemoglobins in a red cell. millions? Unbelievable

Take the time to study this ! It will come clear with reviewing.

--------> CO₂ ----> out
in <---- O₂ <----------

Basically the blood carries Oxygen to the cell - Carbon dioxide is carried
away to the lungs. A gas exchange . . . at both sides.

transport of CO₂ drawing

Hemoglobin

Slide list lots to Explore here and Review.

Ultranet

280,000,000 . . ? . . Aug. 25, '03 could very well be true in 1 red blood cell.

Insulin from Google search . . . added Jan. '05

CO₂ carried out from cell to lungs :
7% dissolves, free, in plasma. . . . .
23% ( Hb-NCOOH ) , in RBC
70% in plasma, as bi-carbonate HCO₃^- + H⁺

Carbonic Anhydrase, in red blood cell: from Wikipedia.
Carbonic acid is unstable . . . . then dissociates
CO₂ + H₂O << CA >> H₂CO₃
Reverses back to free CO₂ at lungs / exhaled

NOW . Visualize this .
In a re-exchange at lungs of HCO₃^- . . . a Cl anion inside the blood cell, exits.
This makes water and Carbon dioxide. The CO₂ then gets breathed out.
The Oxygen attaches to Hb first to cause release of carbon dioxide.

to cell O₂ <<< RBC-O₂
                           RBC-H ----> back to lungs

Bohr effect and proton production :
The H⁺ joined to RBC^- going back to lungs = HHb.

At the Lungs :
RBC-H and O₂ >>> RBC-O₂ + H⁺

Gas exchange slides / text

Click on types of cells in blood

protein structure

Oxyhemoglobin in animation

About buffering in blood . . . added 8-15-03

Bohr effect CO₂ and its low pH helps release Oxygen into cell.

Chloride shift

Haldane Effect little pH change.

Histidine . . . . attaches to iron . . . . Shockwave

An Overview . . . . added June '05 Type in a search term to study. Use Hi-light a term, Edit - Copy and Paste ect. . .

Oxygen transport
Oxyhemoglobin

Red blood cell production
erythropoiesis
erythropoietin Red bone marrow hemocytoblasts

White blood cells
neuthrophil
eosinophil
lymphocyte
monocyte
basophyl
myoglobin . . . lets not forget this
Have we overlooked Iron . . . . added July '05

Mouseover the links. Short descripting of Link . . . . added Oct.18, '03
Just Mouseover here to see :

• Addresses
• ammonia
• First Forms
• Blood Cell
• Blood plasma

Here will be the info that visiters will see first when they mouseover the links. It returns when the page is reloaded.

There is something about pressure that makes the oxygen and CO2 come and go that
I don't understand yet ? I am looking for good explainations.

Immune System . . . if you don't know start here. Added Feb. '08

My Page 2 and equasions

Back to main page . . . Nitrogencycle.org
Back to Welcome Page

Free JavaScripts provided
by The JavaScript Source