| [1]
Vamling's study (1982) will be presented in section 2.5, Williams' (1995)
in section 3.3.2. In Finland, simultaneous interpreting involving Finnish
and Swedish is beeing studied by Gun-Viol Vik-Tuovinen, Vaasa Unversity;
see e.g. Vik-Tuovinen 1993, 1995; Koskela & Vik-Tuovinen 1994).
[2] I am indebted
to Professor Robert de Beaugrande for kindly placing the material at my
disposal.
[3] This has
been pointed out by Dr. Antin Rydning.
[4] For a review
of the discussion about this issue, see Carstens (1997).
[5] Lectures
as discourse types have been studied, inter alia, by Piirainen-Marsh (1987)
and Monteiro & Rösler (1993).
[6] Swedish book
publisher Thomas von Vegesack once told that his impression as a publisher
was that editors tend to "normalise" translated text more than they normalise
original language texts (Erling Wande, personal communication).
[7] "Make your
conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which
it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the speech exchange
in which you are engaged" (Grice 1975).
[8] Toury (1995)
wants to make a distincion between adequacy and acceptability:
"… whereas adherence to source norms determines a translation's adequacy
as compared to the source text, subscription to norms originating in the
target culture determines its acceptability" (1995:57).
[9] Cf. Alexieva
(1994:184ff.) on the importance of "intertextual redundancy", involving
retention of information from previously interpreter texts.
[10] This is
an interesting issue; however, Mackintosh talks about "heavier processing
load", while Lambert discusses "deep processing". Erling Wande (personal
communication) has pointed out that the two concepts should not be conflated.
[11] One of
the three alternatives in the Swedish referendum on nuclear energy in 1980.
[12] Cf. Zipf's
Law (Zipf 1949). Zipf's Law states that there is an inverse relationship
between the length of a word and its frequency of use, so that shorter
words are the more frequent words and longer words aren't used as commonly.
[13] For the
mispronunciations ’palvettiin’ and ’jumalatartanta’, see section 7.3.1.
[14] Lexical
strategies in interpreting are discussed the second paper in the present
thesis (Niska (forthc).
[15] The English
language lacks a good term for the practical concept (Ger.) Fachtext,
(Swe.) facktext, (Fin.) asiateksti.
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