Mechanicsburg Area High School

Chapter

TechEd

DesignBrief

Early-warning systems

Intro

It is a vivid memory how forceful volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and seaquakes are and what kind of deadly weapon they portray. It is very important to evacuate people who are possible indanger to avoid casualties. This can be done with meteorological, volcanological and seismlogical predictions that can be done.      The eruption of volcanos can happen at any point. It dosent even matter if it hasen't erupted for centuries and is classified inactive. The first sign of a eruption is gasses seaping around the volcano into the air, especially the sulfer which contains information about the oncoming eruption. There are two ways to moneriting volcanos. Either scientist can take regular samples or sensors in the area of the volcano testing for gases.

Development

Cartography

Did you know? In 1984, 40,000 people near the Vusuvious were evacuated but no eruption occured

Meteorology

GPS

Weather Satellites

NASA Blue Marble

Early-Warning System

Outlook

Links

Another way to tell that a volcano is about to erupt is the ground around the volcano shakes as well as vibrancies in the ground. Motion sensors are able to determine such motions up to a fraction of an inch. In addition seismographs are installed nearby the volcanos. This  recoreds the seismic shocks which proves them to be the most important part  for predictions about the eruptions.      Although with all this predicting technology, it is not possible to guarantee that a volcanic eruption couldn't happen at any time. Sometimes spontanious eruptions occur locally. The evacuation plan for the area near the Vesuvius volcano, especially the city of Naples, calls for a period of time up to two weeks to evacuate all inhabtants. However, scientist have never been able to predict eruptions up to two weeks.

Earthquakes and Seaquakes are results of interactions between tectonic plates in our planet. For people living on the hypocenter, or middle of the earthquake, there is no warning of when it will strike. But for people living further away can be warrned thanks to seismographs.      Seaquakes are started by subaqueos tremors and spreed with the underwater speed of sound. If these reach the shores they are horrible disasters known as tsunamis. These tremors can be sensored though by sensors on buoys. Due to the fact that technology is so expensive though to cover most of the sea area is just not probable.