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Wildlife in IndiaIndia is unique in the richness and
diversity of its vegetation and wildlife. One can find almost 355
mammal species, nearly 2200 forms of bird species and more than 32,000
species of insects. India also consists several species of fish,
amphibians and reptiles. India also consists several wildlife parks,
reserves, sanctuaries and forests which are vital to the conservation
of endangered species, such as Bengal tiger, the Asiatic Elephant,
Lion, the Snow Leopard and Siberian Crane. One can see wildlife of
India in four places and these are wildlife parks, widlife resorts,
wildlife sanctuaries and forests. Prior to the advent of British
regime, wildlife was relatively abundant in most areas of the country
particularly in the erstwhile Princely States where hunting by the
general public was strictly forbidden. But later, the forests and
animals living in them came under heavy strain during British regime.
With the advent of British on Indian soil commercial of forests was
started for ship building railways, other industries and for export.
The forests were cleared for human settlements. Wild animals were
hunted down for adorning their drawing rooms and banquet halls with
trophies. Reckless hunting too caused the steady depletion of India's
wildlife. Tigers, elephants, cheetahs, rhinoceros, etc., were
ruthlessly killed. Later after Independence, with the abolition of
Princely States and the thoughtless destruction of wildlife through
commercialized poaching and the widespread occupation of forest for
agriculture and certain development projects the frontiers of wildlife
receded into the more hilly and inaccessible areas. Most species were
mercilessly persecuted to the verge of extinction. It was only around
1960s the gravity of the situation was realized by those in authority
and concerted measures were taken to the conserve the remnants of
India's wildlife. |
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