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The
Kapampangan Kingdom was a thriving community when the Spaniards
arrived in the 16th century. Archaeological digs in
Porac indicate that Kapampangans had an advanced culture even
before the Spaniards arrived.
The province of Pampanga was
created on December 11, 1571. It was the first province in the
country and the only one founded during the same year as the City of
Manila. It must be stressed however that this event spelled
the beginning of the shrinking of the great "Indung Kapampangan"
which has been reduced today to a mere linguistic island in Central
Luzon.
According to the research of historian Mariano A.
Henson, the boundaries of the original province of Pampanga
stretched northeast to the missions of Cagayan and its mountains
which included the towns of Pantabangan, Caranglan and Puncan in
Nueva Ecija, southeast to the Bulacan towns of Hagunoy, Calumpit and
all the neighboring towns of the Baliuag River, east to the
mountains and lands of Baler, Tayabas, and southwest to Bataan,
which included Dinalupihan, Llana Hermosa, Orani, Samal, Abucay,
Balanga, Pilar and Udion (Orion).
As late as 1841, Pampanga
was still divided into "lugal a atiu babu" or Upper Pampanga
(Angeles, Cabiao, Capas, Gapang, La Paz, Mabalacat, Magalang, Porac,
San Isidro, San Miguel de Mayumu, Santa Rita and Tarlac) and "Paroba
ning Capampangan" or Lower Pampanga (Apalit, Arayat, Bcolor, Betis,
Candaba, Guagua, Lubao, Macabebe, Mexico, Minalin, San Fernando, San
Luis, San Simon, Santa Ana, Santo Tomas and Sexmoan).
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