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This site is designed using Cascading Style Sheets(CSS) and eXtended Hypertext Markup Language(XHTML).
What is CSS?
Cascading Style Sheets(CSS) are design templates that provide augmented control over presentation and layout of HTML elements. They allow you to separate the way you design information from the HTML content. This helps to maintain a consistent styling across several pages without having to write redundant code. Thus CSS can be thought of as an template that can be applied to desired pages requiring particular styling. Any changes made to the CSS is reflected in all the pages that uses the style sheet.(however there are methods to make the styling local using inline styling) To make this point clear, consider a example of a website say ProZone. ProZone has about 25 html pages. Now let us suppose that I had'nt used CSS to apply formatting and styling to the pages but had instead used the conventional HTML elements. Now one fine day out of the blue I decide to change the color of the heading from black to red, then the only solution is to edit each of the 25 pages to make the changes. But if I had used a style sheet instead ,then all that I had to do was to change the corresponding CSS present in a single CSS file. This change in the CSS file would be applied to all the 25 pages thus changing the color of the heading. get the funda?
What is XHTML?
eXtended Hypertext Markup Language: Today's market consists of different browser technologies, some browsers run internet on computers, and some browsers run internet on mobile phones and hand helds. The last-mentioned do not have the resources or power to interpret a "bad" markup language. Therefore - by combining HTML and XML, and their strengths, we got a markup language that is useful now and in the future - XHTML. XHTML pages can be read by all XML enabled devices AND while waiting for the rest of the world to upgrade to XML supported browsers, XHTML gives you the opportunity to write "well-formed" documents now, that work in all browsers and that are backward browser compatible !!!
Converting an HTML Document to XHTML
There are a few basic rules you need to apply to convert an HTML 4 document to XHTML.
What is CSS?
Cascading Style Sheets(CSS) are design templates that provide augmented control over presentation and layout of HTML elements. They allow you to separate the way you design information from the HTML content. This helps to maintain a consistent styling across several pages without having to write redundant code. Thus CSS can be thought of as an template that can be applied to desired pages requiring particular styling. Any changes made to the CSS is reflected in all the pages that uses the style sheet.(however there are methods to make the styling local using inline styling) To make this point clear, consider a example of a website say ProZone. ProZone has about 25 html pages. Now let us suppose that I had'nt used CSS to apply formatting and styling to the pages but had instead used the conventional HTML elements. Now one fine day out of the blue I decide to change the color of the heading from black to red, then the only solution is to edit each of the 25 pages to make the changes. But if I had used a style sheet instead ,then all that I had to do was to change the corresponding CSS present in a single CSS file. This change in the CSS file would be applied to all the 25 pages thus changing the color of the heading. get the funda?
What is XHTML?
eXtended Hypertext Markup Language: Today's market consists of different browser technologies, some browsers run internet on computers, and some browsers run internet on mobile phones and hand helds. The last-mentioned do not have the resources or power to interpret a "bad" markup language. Therefore - by combining HTML and XML, and their strengths, we got a markup language that is useful now and in the future - XHTML. XHTML pages can be read by all XML enabled devices AND while waiting for the rest of the world to upgrade to XML supported browsers, XHTML gives you the opportunity to write "well-formed" documents now, that work in all browsers and that are backward browser compatible !!!
Converting an HTML Document to XHTML
There are a few basic rules you need to apply to convert an HTML 4 document to XHTML.
- Stricter adherence to the HTML specification
- Many browsers are very lax in how they interpret HTML. This leads to incongruities in how the pages are displayed, and XHTML doesn't allow that. The best way to correct this is to use an XHTML validator such as HTML Tidy.
- Write well formed documents - What this generally means is avoiding overlapping elements.
- Write tags and attributes in lowercase
- XHTML is a case-sensitive markup language.
- End tags are required - In HTML, some tags which actually contain elements do not require the end tag.
- Attributes must be quoted and include values - What this means is that non-quoted attributes are invalid. And attributes which used to stand alone, must now be written as name="value" pairs.
- A Second Validation The last step is to validate your XHTML. This will tell you of any additional problems or issues with your code.