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Vishwaamitra Jee

See also   Vashishth Jee

We meet Vishwaamitra Jee in Baal Kaand when Raam , Lakshman, Bharat and Shatrughn brothers reach their adolescent age, then suddenly he appears in Ayodhyaa and takes Raam and Lakshman to protect his Yagya from Raakshas.

Vishwaamitra Jee was the son of King Gaadhi. King Gaadhi was in the lineage of Pururavaa. Pururavaa's son was Vijay --> Janhu --> Pooru --> Balaak --> Ajak --> Kush --> Kushnaabh --> Gaadhi.  And Gaadhi's son was Vishwaamitra Jee. He is also known as Vishwarath. He had a sister named Satyavatee who was married to Rishi Richeek and their son was Maharshi Jamdagni and Jamdagni and Renukaa's son was Parashuraam Jee. Thus Vishwaamitra Jee was grandfather of Parashuraam Jee from his mother's side.

Birth of Vishwaamitra Jee

How he was born is an interesting story. Once Satyavatee (Vishwaamitra's sister) and her mother (Vishwaamitra's mother)  requested Rishi Richeek to give them a son. So Richeek cooked two Charu separately for both of them. But Satyavatee's mother thought that Richeek might have cooked better Charu for his wife, so she asked Satyavatee to give her own Charu. She gave her own Charu to her mother and took her mother's Charu herself. When Richeek Rishi came to know about this he said to Satyavatee - "You did not do good by taking your mother's Charu. Now you will have a son who will punish people and your mother will have a Brahm Vettaa (knower of Brahm) son."  Satyavtee got scared. She tried to please her husband. So on Satyavatee's request he said, "OK, not your son but your grandson will be like that."  So Satyavatee gave birth to Rishi Jamdagni, and her mother had Vishwaamitra Jee who was a great Braahman even being a Kshatriya's son. And thus Vishwaamitra Jee was Maamaa of Rishi Jamdagni.

He had several wives - Hemaavatee, Shalaavatee, Maadhavee, Renu etc. He had 100 sons - Madhuchchhandaa, Kati, Kratumaan, Hareet, Jaya, Yaagyavalkya, Paanini, Gaalav, Mudgal, Sankruti, Deval, Ashtak etc. Vishwaamitra had a daughter also from Menakaa. When Menakaa went to Swarg, she left the daughter in forest. Maharshi Kanv got her and brought her up in his Aashram. Her name was Shakuntalaa

Quarrel with Vashishth Jee

Vishwaamitra Jee was a son of a king and thus a Kshatriya, but later he became a Brahmarshi. How? it is a long story. Once Vishwaamitra was wandering around in his kingdom with his army to see the places, that he came to a forest where all kinds of animals were roaming around freely without any enmity. He was very surprised to see this. Nearby he saw an Aashram.  That Aashram was of Vashishth Jee. He headed towards the Aashram. When Vashishth Jee saw Raajaa coming to his place he welcomed him along with his whole army and said, "Please be my guest tonight." Vishwaamitra Jee thought "How a Rishi will manage to get even food for all of us. It is difficult even for Raajaa." At last Vishwaamitra agreed after a few refusals.

Now Vashishth Jee had a cow named Nandinee who was the daughter of Kaamdhenu cow. Vashishth Jee requested Nandinee and said, "Our Raajaa is our guest today so please arrange everything for him."  So in minutes she arranged everything. Vishwaamitra saw all this. It was a wonder of wonders for him. He thought that being a king he should have that cow, what a Rishi is doing with that cow? But still he requested politely Vashishth Jee to give that cow to him as gift. And in return he would give him 100,000 cows, jewels, 14,000 elephants, 8,000 gem studded chariots and many other things. 

Vashishth Jee said, "Raajan, This cow is the gift of Kaamdhenu to me to fulfill my needs of my daily activities. This is the only thing I have." "But I am the Raajaa. I should have such things, what you would do of that?"  Vashishth Jee said - "I have no power to gift you this."  Vishwaamitra Jee said - "I am only requesting you but if you don't agree to it, you cannot stop me taking her from here."  

And then Vishwaamitra Jee ordered his soldiers to take that cow forcefully, as Vashishth Jee didn't agree to give that cow to him. They tied a rope in her neck and pulled her. She cried and requested Vashishth Jee to protect her. Vashishth Jee shook his head in helplessness, then she asked his permission to protect herself. Vashishth Jee gave the permission. She roared "Humbhaa" and out of her each hair on her body came out numerous soldiers. Vishwaamitra's army could not fight with that divine army. In a rage Vishwaamitra sent his 100 sons to attack Vashishth, but they were all burned only in one roar of Vashishth Jee.

Tapasyaa to Get Weapons 

Seeing this power of Tap, Vishwaamitra left the kingdom and went to Himaalaya, and did Tapasyaa to please Shiv Jee. On His appearing, he asked for all the secret knowledge of archery and magical arrows of Yaksh, Raakshas, Maharshi, Gandharv. Shiv Jee granted him this Var and went away. Now with all this power he rushed to Vashishth's Aashram to take revenge from him. Vashishth Jee was busy in his worship. Vishwaamitra aimed many arrows at Vashishth Jee. Seeing this many Rishi who were worshipping there ran away from that place. 

Vashishth Jee opened his eyes and found Vishwaamitra standing with a fierce weapon. He called other Rishi back, and took his Dand (scepter) out of the ground on which his hand was resting and planted it just before him. Viswaamitra's all arrows and powers went useless before that Dand. He was very much ashamed of his weapons. His whole Tapasyaa proved useless to him in front of Vashishth's Power of Tap. At this he uttered, "Dhig-Balam, Dhig-Kshatriya, Brahm-Tejo-Balam Balam". It means that arms power is worse than useless before Brahm Tej power.

Tapasyaa to Get Powers

Now Vishwaamitra Jee thought to be a Brahmarshi, so he went to southwards with his queens and did tap for a thousand years to please Brahmaa Jee, the Creator. Brahmaa Jee appeared before him and appointed him as Raajarshi. But Vshwaamitra Jee was not satisfied with this, he wanted to be a Brahmarshi. So he continued his tap. 

Vishwaamitra Jee and Trishanku

This time a new development took place. There was a king named Trishanku (his real name was Satyavrat, he got known as Trishanku after this event) in Ikshwaaku Vansh and Vashishth Jee was his Kul Guru (family Guru). (see also "Vashishth Jee and Trishanku"). He wanted to go to Swarg with this mortal body, so he went to Vashishth Jee and requested him to send him to Swarg with this mortal body. Vashishth Jee refused his request saying that nobody could go to Swarg like this and refused to perform any sacrificial rites to attain such an impossible goal. 

So Trishanku went southwards and found the hundred sons of Vashishth Jee. He requested them too for this, but they said, "Whatever our father cannot do we cannot do."  "I will find someone else if you don't do this."  At this reply the sons felt insulted and gave him Shaap, "You have turned out to be a traitor to your Guru so be a Chaandaal" (the lowest cast people in Hindu society). Immediately he lost his color and beauty. He became black and his beauty was gone and he became a Chaandaal. He went further south and found Vishwaamitra Jee there. He requested Vishwaamitra Jee too to send him to Swarg with his mortal body. He immediately got ready to send him to Swarg so Trishanku came back to his kingdom. 

In the meantime there were no rains for some time. Vishwaamitra  Jee had already gone for Tap so Trishanku took good care of Vishwaamitra's family, so he was very happy with Trishanku. He said to Trishanku, "You have to go to pilgrimage to become pure before you could go to Swarg." So both set out for pilgrimage. 

On their way, they met Muni Maarkandeya at Arbudaachal. Vishwaamitra Jee told him everything in detail and said - "I have taken the vow to free Trishanku from Vashishth's sons' Shaap, but I have not succeeded yet, so I have renounced the world. Maarkandeya Muni consoled him and instructed him to go to Haatkeshwar where taking a dip in Paataal Gangaa will purify Trishanku. Trishanku did so and he was surprised to see that all the qualities of a Chaandaal had vanished from him and he was purified. Vishwaamitra Jee was also very happy to see this.

He assured Trishanku to do such rites which could take him to Swarg with his mortal body. He had another purpose also in doing this as he could defeat Vashishth Jee by doing this. So he sent his disciples all around with this message to join him in these rites, and if anyone refused to do so then let him know about him. One Mahodaya and the 100 sons of Vashishth Jee refused to do so, so Vishwaamitra Jee gave Shaap to Mahodaya to be ruined and to 100 sons of Vashishth to be burned. Immediately Vashishth's sons were burned. 

Then Vishwaamitra Jee went to Brahm Lok to request Brahmaa Jee to be present at the Yagya to send Trishanku to Swarg with his mortal body, and asked Trishanku to make necessary preparations for the Yagya. Brahmaa Jee said although it was impossible to go Swarg with the mortal boy but if he will complete all rituals diligently then he could go there. Vishwaamitra didn't like His comments and he challenged Him that no power could stop him sending him there.

So they started Yagya. It continued for 12 long years but there was no sign to go to Swarg. Trishanku got dejected and intended to go to forest for Tap. He could not go to his kingdom because he was afraid that Vashishth's sons would make fun of him. But Vishwaamitra Jee consoled him that he would surely send him to Swarg, he should just wait. Then he worshipped Shiv Jee. Shiv Jee got pleased and granted him the desired Var. Vishwaamitra asked Him to bestow the powers to create universe like Brahmaa. Shiv Jee did so and disappeared.

Now Vishwaamitra was eager to test those powers. Now the actual ceremony was started and Vishwaamitra Jee offered Havishya (shares of Devtaa offered in Yagya) to Devtaa, but no Devtaa came to accept it. He said to Trishanku, "Don't be disappointed,  I will send you to Swarg with the influence of my Tap."  And Trishanku started rising in his mortal body.

Seeing Trishanku coming towards Swarg, Indra said, "You have no respect for your Guru, so you have no place in our world."  and pushed him down. Now he started falling down. He cried, "O Vishwaamitra, save me."  Vishwaamitra said, "Don't fear at all"  and made him stay in mid-heavens. To finalize the act he created new Saptarshi and several constellations in southern sky. Soon the place was filled with his creation resulting chaos all over. 

Now everything were two, one was created by Brahmaa and the other one created by Vishwaamitra. This created a fallout of natural course of events. Everybody requested Brahmaa Jee to bring an order in the universe. Brahmaa Jee asked Vishwaamitra to stop his creation. He said -  "Since my words cannot be untrue, so let those constellations be there permanently and amidst them Trishanku will be there in his earthly body. I will create a new Indra and I will see that other heavens do not have any Indra at all.  Or I could do it if He will allow Trishanku to go to Swarg with his mortal body." At last Brahmaa Jee allowed him to go to Swarg.

My Note
In another version, Trishanku didn't go to Swarg with his mortal body. He hung between the Earth and the Heavens, that is why he is called Trishanku.

He was very happy to win Indra, Devtaa and Vashishth, but to his dismay his all powers were gone through his anger. So he went to Pushkar Jee to do Tapasyaa again.

Saving Shunehshep

This time, Ambreesh, the king of Ayodhyaa, decided to do a sacrificial rite to get a son and vowed to perform it with his son as a sacrifice, that if he will have a son, he will sacrifice him. He had a son but he always postponed the sacrifice because he did not want to part with his son. Later that son ran away in the forest and stayed there for several years. 

Once the son heard that his father was very ill, so he came home to see him. He bought the middle son of Muni Richeek, Devaraat (Richeek and Satyavatee's son, and Rishi Jamdagni's elder brother), for the sacrifice by paying 100,000 cows. Muni Richeek had three sons. He did not want to give his eldest son, and his wife did not want to give her youngest son, so only their middle son, Devaraat, was available for sacrifice. He was very sad with this whole affair but in order to obey his parents he agreed.

On their way, they rested in Pushkar Jee. There he met his Maamaa Vishwaamitra Jee. He requested him to save his life, at the same time not to ruin Raajaa's Yagya too. Seeing his nephew (sister's son), merely a boy, in trouble he pitied him and taught him some Mantra, and said, "When they tie you with the sacrificial alter you chant these Mantra with devotion, Your life will be saved."  He did the same. As he chanted those Mantra, hearing those Mantra Indra was very pleased and spared his life, at the same time spared the life of Ambreesh's son also. Thus Vishwaamitra saved Devaraat's life as well as Ambreesh's son's life. Since then Devraat was called as Shunahshep. (he was Bhrigu Vanshee Ajeegart's descendent and he was his sister's son also).

Later Vishwaamitra Jee adopted him as his son and asked his all sons (100) to regard him as their eldest brother. His eldest son with his 48 younger brothers did not like it, so he gave them Shaap - "All of you become Mlechchh."  So they became non-Hindu - Mlechchh. All others accepted him as their eldest brother. He blessed them and said - "He is also of your Gotra, so respect him and obey him."  He started  several other Gotra besides Kaushikee Gotra.

Vishwaamitra Jee As Brahmarshi

He continued his Tap for 1,000 years. Brahmaa Jee appeared again before him and declared him as Rishi. But that was not the goal of Vishwaamitra. So he again started doing his tap. This time he saw Menakaa (Apsaraa) and lived with her for 10 years. These 10 years seemed to him as one day. During these years in association with Menakaa, he gave up even his daily routines like "Sandhyaa Upaasanaa", Nitya Karm" etc required for a Vedic sage. They had a daughter, Shakuntalaa. When Menakaa went to Swarg she left her on earth. So Kanv Rishi brought her up as his own daughter.

My Note
This incident is mentioned in Baal Kaand of Raamaayan, but in Kishkindhaa Kaand Apsaraa Ghritaachee's name is mentioned. Some say that both Apsaraa are the same, while some say that they are different. Any information?

Then one day he thought "Why did I leave my Tap?"  So he again went for Tapasyaa. This time he overcame his habit of anger and did Tap in peace. 

At the end of it he prepared a meal for himself and sat to take it, that Indra came in disguise of a Braahman and asked for the meal. He gave it to him and did Tap for 1,000 years again. This time Brahmaa Jee appeared again and declared him as Maharshi. That was also not his goal, so he again started his Tap. Indra tried to disturb his Tap, but this time he did not get disturbed and Brahmaa Jee had to declare him as Brahmarshi.

Test of Harishchandra

One day both Vashishth and Vishwaamitra were sitting in Indra's court. Indra asked, "Do you find anybody who sticks to truth at this time, on earth?"  Vashishth Jee said, "Raajaa Harishchandra is like that."  Vishwaamitra said, "No, he is not."  Argument grew hotter and ended up in testing Harishchandra for his truthfulness by Vishwaamitra Jee. He vowed, "If I don't prove Vashishth wrong, I will not call myself Vishwaamitra."

Now the testing began. At one time Harishchandra had to do a Yagya, in which he had to donate a large quantity of gold. Vishwaamitra Jee went there to have that donation. Raajaa asked, "How much do you want?"  Vishwaamitra said - "When a tall person standing on an elephant throws a cowrie (shell), I need so large heap of gold."  Harishchandra readily said, " I will gladly give you this much donation. I have it in my treasury."  Vishwaamitra did not expect this reply, this was his first defeat, so he said, "Let it be in your treasury for now, when I will need it, I will come to take it."  Raajaa said, "As you wish."

Now he created many wild animals who were troubling public, so Raajaa with his wife Chandramatee and son Rohitaashwa went for their hunting. He set his camp in a jungle. Vishwaamitra Jee sent two beautiful girls in his camp. They talked to him some non-sense and Raajaa sent them back with beatings. Vishwaamitra Jee said to Harishchandra - "You have insulted my daughters, so either you give me money or marry these low-caste girls and give me my  remaining money within 48 days."  Raajaa did not want to marry those girls so he gave his kingdom including his treasury and went to Kaashee (Benaaras or Vaaraanasee). He sold his wife and son and sold himself to a Shoodra and gave all that money he got, to Muni. 

Now the buyer of the Raajaa was Vishwaamitra's disciple Nakshatrak. He made him in charge of a cremation ground. Raajaa Harishchandra's son died of a snake-bite, so his wife brought his dead body in mid-night. Harishchandra did not recognize her. He asked her to cover the body as per rules of the cremation ground. But Chandramatee didn't have any, o she had to tear her Saree (a cloth worn by Indian women)  and then wrapped him in her half Saree.

Then he asked for the prescribed fee for his cremation which was supposed to go to his master. Although she told her plight that she had wrapped her son's body in her half Saaree and she had only the other half part on her body, did he want to make her without clothes? But Harishchandra did not listen to it. So she went in the town to get that money. There she was caught by Raajaa's people for stealing the money  and Raajaa ordered for her execution. This was the duty of Harishchandra to execute her, so as he took out the sword to kill her, Brahmaa, Vishnu, Mahesh all three appeared before him and held his hand. Raajaa was  given back everything. Vishwaamitra again got defeated from Vashishth Jee.

In Raamaayan Age

When Raam, Lakshman, Bharat and Shatrughn were there in Tretaa Yug, then Vashishth Jee was their Guru. Vishwaamitra Jee asked Dashrath Jee to send Raam and Lakshman to guard his Yagya from Maareech, Subaahu and Taadkaa demons. Raam killed Taadkaa and Subaahu at that time but left Maareech. Raam killed him when He was in exile for 14 years. (He appeared as a golden deer before Raam and Seetaa, and Seetaa Jee sent Shree Raam to kill it). 

Then Vishwaamitra Jee took them to attend Raajaa Janak's daughter Seetaa's Swayamvar in Janak Puree. On the way he asked Raam to give Mukti to Ahilyaa (Muni Gautam's wife) by touching a stone with His foot. Then they came to Mithilaa for Seetaa's Swayamvar and all four brothers got married to Seetaa and her three sisters.  

 

 

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Created by Sushma Gupta On 5/27/04
Contact:  mahaabhaarat@yahoo.com
Modified on 10/24/04