The Religion of Islam
Introduction
Prophets
Qur'an
Prophet of Islam
Sunnah (practices) of the Prophet
What is the Islamic Religion?
Islamic Law (al-Shari'ah)
The Spread of Islam
Islam, Knowledge and Science
The Attitude of the Qur'an and the Prophet toward Knowledge
Integration of the Pre-Islamic Sciences
Mathematical Sciences and Physics
Astronomy
Mathematics, Algebra
Geometry
Trigonometry
Number Theory
Physics, Balance, Projectile Motion, Optics
Experimental Method
Medical Sciences
Pharmacology
Natural History and Geography
Botany, Zoology
Geography
Chemistry
Technology
Man and Nature
Architecture
Influence of Islamic Science and Learning Upon the West
Islam In The Modern World
Islam In The Modern World
Aftermath of the Colonial Period
Revival and Reassertation of Islam
Education and Science in the Islamic World
Islam A World Civilization
General Characteristics of Islamic Civilization
Global religion
A Brief History of Islam, The Rightly Guided Caliphs
The Caliphates
North Africa and Spain
Islamic History after the Mongol Invasion
Ottoman Empire
Persia
India
Malaysia and Indonesia
Africa
Frequently Asked Questions About Islam
What is Islam?
Who are the Muslims?
What do Muslims believe?
How does someone become a Muslim?
What does 'Islam' mean?
Why does Islam often seem strange?
Do Islam and Christianity have different origins?
What is the Ka'ba?
Who is Muhammad?
How did he become a prophet and a messenger of God?
How did the spread of Islam affect the world?
What is the Qur'an?
What is the Qur'an about?
Are there any other sacred sources?
What are the 'Five Pillars' of Islam?
Does Islam tolerate other beliefs?
What do Muslims think about Jesus?
Why is the family so important to Muslims?
What about Muslim women?
Can a Muslim have more than one wife?
Is an Islamic marriage like a
Christian marriage?
How do Muslims treat the elderly?
How do Muslims view death?
What does Islam say about war?
What about food?
What is Islam's presence in the United States?
How does Islam guarantee human rights ?
What is the makeup of The Muslim World?
Conclusion
General Source:
The Alim for Windows Release 4.5
by: Shahid N. Shah
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Chemistry
The very name alchemy as well as its derivative chemistry come from the Arabic al-kimiya'. The Muslims mastered Alexandrian and even certain elements of Chinese alchemy and very early in their history, produced their greatest alchemist, Jabir ibn Hayyan (the Latin Geber) who lived in the 8th century. Putting the cosmological and symbolic aspects of alchemy aside, one can assert that this art led to much experimentation with various materials and in the hands of Muhammad ibn Zakariyya' al-Razi was converted into the science of chemistry. To this day certain chemical instruments such as the alembic (al-'anbiq) still bear their original Arabic names and the mercury-sulphur theory of Islamic alchemy remains as the foundation of the acid-base theory of chemistry. Al-Razi's division of materials into animal, vegetable and mineral is still prevalent and a vast body of knowledge of materials accumulated by Islamic alchemists and chemists has survived over the centuries in both East and West. For example the use of dyes in objects of Islamic art ranging from carpets to miniatures or the making of glass have much to do with this branch of learning which the West learned completely from Islamic sources since alchemy was not studied and practiced in the West before the translation of Arabic texts into Latin in the 11th century .
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