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Are there any tips for better searching? One "big picture" tip is that it's often better to search for Yahoo! categories, and not individual sites. This is especially helpful if you don't know exactly what you're looking for. For example, if you want a good recipe site, search for Yahoo!'s "Recipes" category (or categories). From there, you're bound to find a number of good sites, all on the same subject. Visiting categories is often easier (and more fruitful) than just trolling through Yahoo!'s "search results" pages for individual sites. Another similar tip: if you're scanning the "search results" page and you see a link to a site that might be a worth visiting, click on the category that the site lives in. You're bound to find many more similar sites there. (This is often more rewarding than simply clicking on the first link you see.) If you do know exactly what you're looking for, search for the site by title. (And sometimes you need to use the full title. For example, "people" is too general if you're actually looking for "People Magazine".) |
Here are some specific tips about using keywords with Yahoo! Search: Use quotation marks around words that are part of a phrase. For example, "great barrier reef" Specify words that must appear in the results. Attach a + in front words that must appear in result documents. For example, apple +pie Specify words that should not appear in the results. Attach a - in front of words that must not appear in result documents. For example, monty -python Required and Prohibited Search Words Attaching one of the following operators will either require or prohibit words from appearing in the search results. + Attaching a + to a word requires that the word be found in all of the search results. compare: policeversus police +sting - Attaching a - in front of a word requires that the word not be found in any of the search results.compare: pythonversus python -monty Document Section Restrictions Attaching one the following operators to the front of a search word will restrict the search to a certain document sections. t: - will restrict searches to document titles only compare: joe boxer versus t:joe boxer u: - will restrict searches to document URLs only compare: intel versus u:intel Phrase Matching (" ") Putting quotes around a set of words will only find results that match the words in that exact sequence. compare: great barrier reef versus "great barrier reef" Wildcard Matching (*) Attaching a * to the right-hand side of a word will return left side partial matches. compare: cap versus cap* Combining the Syntax You may combine any of the query syntax as long as the syntax is combined in the proper order. The proper order for using the syntax is the same order that the operators are listed on this page. That is, +, -, t:, u:, "" and lastly *. compare: (correct) +t:football -American versus (incorrect) t:+football -American Time Restrictions You can restrict your search to documents that are more recent than a certain date. There is no search query syntax available for restricting by time. This feature can only be accessed from the search options page Displaying ResultsYou can customize the number of search results displayed on all result pages following the summary page (the layout of the summary page is fixed). There is no search query syntax option available for customizing the number of displayed results. This feature can only be accessed from the search options page Basic Search in Google To enter a query into Google, just type in a few descriptive words and hit the 'enter' key (or click on the Google Search button) for a list of relevant web pages. Google uses sophisticated text-matching techniques to find pages that are both important and relevant to your search. For instance, when Google analyzes a page, it looks at what those pages linking to that page have to say about it. Google also assigns higher relevance to pages in which your query terms appear near each other. Automatic "and" Queries By default, Google only returns pages that include all of your search terms. There is no need to include "and" between terms. For example, to plan a vacation to Hawaii, simply type vacation hawaii To restrict a search further, just include more terms. "OR" Searches Google supports the logical "OR" operator. To retrieve pages that include either word A or word B, use an uppercase OR between terms. For example, to search for a vacation in either London or Paris, just type vacation london OR paris Stop Words Google ignores common words and characters (known as stop words) as they tend to slow down searches without improving the quality of the results. Terms such as "where" and "how", as well as certain single digits and single letters, are not included in searches unless you indicate that they are essential. You can do this by using the "+" sign in front of the term. Be sure to include a space before the "+" sign, which can also be used in phrase searches. For example, to search for Star Wars, Episode I use: Star Wars Episode +I See your search terms in context Each Google search result contains at least one excerpt from the found web page, which shows how your search terms are used in context on that page. Your search terms are bolded so you can tell at a glance whether the result is a page you want to visit. Stemming To provide the most accurate results, Google does not use "stemming" or support "wildcard" searches. In other words, Google searches for exactly the words that you enter in the search box. Searching for "googl" or "googl*" will not yield "googler" or "googlin". If in doubt, try both forms: "airline" and "airlines," for instance. Does capitalization matter? Google searches are not case sensitive. All letters, regardless of how you type them, will be understood as lower case. For example, searches for "george washington", "George Washington", and "gEoRgE wAsHiNgToN" will all return the same results. BASIC SEARCH TIPS QUICK TIPS NOTE: These tips will work with most search engines in their basic search option. Use the plus (+) and minus (-) signs in front of words to force their inclusion and/or exclusion in searches. EXAMPLE: +anorexia -bulimia (NO space between the sign and the keyword) Use double quotation marks (" ") around phrases to ensure they are searched exactly as is, with the words side by side in the same order. EXAMPLE: "Bye bye Miss American Pie" (Do NOT put quotation marks around a single word.) Put your most important keywords first in the string. EXAMPLE: +hybrid electric gas vehicle Type keywords and phrases in lower case to find both lower and upper case versions. Typing capital letters will usually return only an exact match. EXAMPLE: president retrieves both president and President Use truncation and wildcards (e.g., *) to look for variations in spelling and word form. EXAMPLE: librar* returns library, libraries, librarian, etc. Combine phrases with keywords, using the double quotes and the plus (+) and/or minus (-) signs. EXAMPLE: +"lung cancer" +bronchitis -smoking (In this case, if you use a keyword with a +sign, you must put the +sign in front of the phrase as well. When searching for a phrase alone, the +sign is not necessary.) When searching a document for your keyword(s), use the "find" command on that page. Know the default settings your search engine uses (OR or AND). This will have an effect on how you configure your search statement because, if you don't use any signs (+, - " "), the engine will default to its own settings. Know whether or not the search engine you are using maintains a stop word list If it does, don't use known stop words in your search statement. Also, consider trying your search on another engine that does not recognize stop words. Quick Tips for Boolean Searches In Boolean searches, always enclose OR statements in parentheses. EXAMPLE: "financial aid" AND (college OR university) Always use CAPS when typing Boolean operators in your search statements. Most engines require that the operators (AND, OR, AND NOT/NOT) be capitalized. Other engines will accept either CAPS or lower case, so you're on safe ground if you stick to CAPS. EXAMPLE: "eating disorder" AND (bulimia OR anorexia) ASSIGNMENT: Choose one of the EXAMPLES from above and try it as a search on the "advanced" page of the search engine of your choice. |
Page Updated on Nov 10 , 2001 |
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