Lesson 6:
Adjectives

Formation of Adjectives

Inflections

All adjectives which modify nominative singular nouns in Esperanto end in -a. However, according to the grammatical rules of Esperanto, unfortunately, the adjectives must agree in case and number with the nouns they modify. The -j and the -n are used for adjectives in the same manner as for nouns.

Mi malamas la lampojn ruĝajn. La lampo ruĝa ne plaĉas min.

I hate the red lights. The red light does not please me.

Comparison of Adjectives

The words pli... ol... mean "more... than...", plej... el... mean "most... out of...", malpli... ol... mean "less... than...", malplej... el... mean "least... out of...", and tiel... kiel... mean "as... as...".

Mia laboro estas tiel bona kiel via laboro. Mia laboro estas pli bona ol via laboro. Mia laboro estas plej bona el nia laboro.

My work is as good as your work. My work is better than your work. My work is the best of our work.

With esti

When giving adjectives (including participles) in the predicate of esti, they must agree with the subject.

Ŝi estas korekta. Ili estas korektaj.

She is right. They are right.

La viro estas promenanta. La viroj estas promenantaj.

The man is walking. The men are walking.