| --ARIZONA-- FACT SHEET: An analysis of sex offenders released from Arizona Department of Corrections custody over the 15-year period from 1984 through 1998. by the Arizona Department of Corrections | No definition of recidivism. | Pub: June 2001: An analysis of sex offenders released from ADC custody over the 15-year period from 1984 through 1998 |
--ARIZONA-- An analysis of sex offenders released from ADC custody over the ten-year period from July 1988 through June 1998. by the Arizona Department of Corrections | Technicial violations are shown separately. | Pub: September 1998: Arizona Department of Corrections: A released offender was included in the study if he or she was serving time for one or more sex offenses just prior to release from incarceration. Offenders were tracked only with reference to the first release from a given criminal sentence. The record of each targeted sex offender was reviewed to determine if the offender returned to the custody of the Department by June 30, 1998, and if so, under what circumstances. Returns for technical violations were distinguished from returns with new felony convictions. In cases of new convictions, information was recorded concerning the nature of all new conviction offenses. |
--ARKANSAS-- Arkansas: 2001 Recidivism Rates . by the Arkansas Department of Corrections | Recidivism definition includes technical violations (33.1% of all inmates returned to prison (Table 3, pg. 4)) | Pub: 2005: The 2001 recidivism research is an addendum to the original 1997-1999 study produced in 2003 and the 2000 addendum produced in 2004. The addendum reviews the return rates of inmates released from custody in CY 2001, as compared to prior years. The data for this research was obtained from the ADC electronic Offender Management Information System (eOMIS). If an individual was released January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2001, the data provided reflects returns for a full three-year post release to December 2004. All charts and tables reflect a three-year post release review and utilized strictly for clarity and ease to the reader. |
--CONNECTICUT-- Three Year Recidivism Follow-Up Of ALL Prisoners Released in 1997. by the Connecticut Department of Corrections | No definition of recidivism. | Pub: 2001: Connecticut Department of Corrections: See Recidivism Reports at bottom of their page. Recidivism can be defined as an individual's return to crime following a criminal conviction resulting in another term of incarceration or community supervision. To determine a reasonable estimate of the overall level of criminal behavior among convicted felons, generally accepted indicators such as arrest, conviction, or incarceration rates, are measured. The numbers of convicted adult offenders who return to prison for new crimes and/or violations of community supervision are high, but recidivism rates in Connecticut are not systematically tracked. A uniform method for measuring recidivism has yet to be developed by the state's criminal justice system.
NOTE: Upon checking we still cannot find any uniform system for measuring recidivism in Connecticut (allegedly a system will begin in the 2003 report to the Connecticut legislature - prepared in 2004). Most interesting is, in March of 2003 this state's registry reached the U.S. Supreme court in Doe -v- Dep't of Public Safety. In that case, the U.S. Supreme court found that "sex offender's had a high rate of recidivism," obviously the court referred to another state's recidivism rate since Connecticut has no uniform system for measuring recidivism. In fact, a review of that case shows the court relied upon another case earlier in time in the U.S. Supreme court, statistics from 1983 (OUTDATED). Hummm, should that case be reheard? | --ILLINOIS-- Overview of Sex Offenders, (Plus section on 3 year followup of sex offenders released in 1997). by the Illinois Department of Corrections | No definition of recidivism. Recidivism rates shown INCLUDE Technical Violations. | Pub: June 2000: This is a combined study of sex offenders within the Illinois prison system, and those released in 1997 into the community and their recidivism.
Note: One must be very careful quoting these recidivism rates, as the way the IDOC defines "recidivism" is "the percent of prison exits that return to prison within 3-years from their date of release."These statistics fail to show "What the offender returned to prison for," in other words, did s/he return for another sex offense, or a different type of crime or a parole violation (different from technical violation). The method of reporting is designed to keep numbers high. Recidivism rates shown INCLUDE Technical Violations. The IDOC reports that, as to all crime types, the overall Technical Violation rate is 7.9%. The Sex Offender 3-year recidivism rate is reported as 44.1%, then allowing for Technical Violations it would really be 36.2%. |
--IOWA-- Recidivism of State FY96 Prison Releases in Iowa.. by the Iowa Department of Human Rights, Division of Criminal and Juvenile Justice Planning and Statistical Analysis Center | No definition of recidivism. | Pub: May 2001: This study has a wonderful section on Recidivism and Age. This recidivism research began in October of 1999, when lists of parolees and inmates expiring sentences in Iowa during FY1996 were generated and rap sheets were obtained on all of them. These lists were taken from ACIS; 1,370 parolees and 359 expirations were tracked after release, excluding 5 offenders in the original cohort who were immediately incarcerated on other charges and had had no time at risk. Another 657 offenders from work release facilities were added for this year's update, yielding a total release of 2,385. 10 of these offenders had no time at risk due to immediate incarceration elsewhere. |
--MICHIGAN-- Recidivism of Michigan Offenders Released from Prison, 1990-2000.. by LICASSO | Recidivism rates and technical violation rates are shown separately. | Pub: December 2003: A eleven year study of recidivism of Michigan parolees. Cumulative parole board recidivism statistics for all crimes types 1990-2000 of all offenders paroled from Michigan prisons annually. |
--NEW YORK-- Facts about Megan's Law and Sex Offenders in New York State. . by the New York Chapter: SOhopeful International. | Technical violation rates are shown separately. | Pub: Jan. 2006: 1999 Releases: Three Year Post Release Follow-up. |
--PENNSYLVANIA-- Recidivism in Pennsylvania Correctional Institutions 1996-2002.. by the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections | Recidivism rates shown include technical violations. | Pub: September 2004: At three years post release, the overall recidivism rate (reincarceration) increased from 39.2 per cent in 1996 to 45.9 percent in 2000. A contributing factor to the increase in the recidivism rate is an increase in technical parole violators of over 87 percent during the same time period. When an inmate released on parole does return to incarceration, it is far more likely to be for a technical violation of parole than for a new crime. Parolees with one or more misconducts in the year prior to release had higher return rates than either parolees with no misconducts or inmates who have completed their sentence with or without misconducts in the year prior to sentence completion. |
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