CHAPTER
[1]
CONTINUED

Customer Relationship
Management
Customer relationship management (CRM) creates a comprehensive
picture of customer needs, expectations and behaviors by analyzing information
from every customer transaction. CRM creates the customer intelligence necessary
to develop customer relationships.
Customer Lifetime
Value Customer Lifetime
Value seeks to maximize profit by analyzing customer behavior and
business cycles to identify and target customers with the greatest
potential net value over time. Customer
Retention
Customer
Retention uses behavioral analysis to categorize customers and design tactical
strategies that will sustain and maximize the activities of the most valuable
customers.

[1]
GREAT WEBCASTS
Great Webcasts
Performance
Management in the Customer Centric Enterprise
Five great presenters.
Five great presentations. These video webcasts
present leading experts in Performance and
Customer Relationship Management. Hear about new
concepts for an integrated management approach that
creates a better return from your customers. |
 |
It is
recommended that you follow these steps:
[1] Register at the BetterManagement.com site
[2] Download or open the slides. Please do not use
our server links as they will not operate from your
computers. You need to download whatever is permitted
and make your own links.
[3] Watch and enjoy the webcasts or the wealth of
resources available. |
 |
I.
Performance Management in the Customer Centric
Enterprise |
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Gary Cokins, Strategist,
Performance Management Solutions, SAS
Click
here
to download
a PDF version of the slides
Our
Server |
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II. Aligning Your Strategy to the Customer Value
Proposition
|
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David Norton, CEO, The Balanced
Scorecard Collaborative
Click
here
to download a
PDF version of the slides
Our
Server |
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III. Maximizing Your "Return on Customer" |
 |
Martha Rogers, PhD, Founding
Partner, Peppers & Rogers Group
Click
here
to download a
PDF version of the slides
Our
Server |
 |
IV. Business Intelligence: Critical Capability to Become
a
Knowledge-Driven Client-Centric Organization
|
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Tony LoFrumento, Executive
Director, Business Intelligence & Customer Relationship
Management, Morgan Stanley
Click
here to download a PDF version of the slides
Our
Server |
 |
V.
The Customer Value Dimension |
 |
Meredith S. Devine, Cost Manager
for White-Collar Costing, Nestec SA, Nestlé
Click
here
to download a
PDF version of the slides
Our
Server |
Another very good presentation
Performance
Management: Making It Work
( 40 minutes )

This interview with Gary Cokins explores
the subtleties of performance management and what it can do for
your organization. Need Registration with SAS.
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[2]

[3]

[4]
mySAP CRM: Demos
Experience firsthand the features, functionality, and
benefits of mySAP Customer Relationship Management (mySAP CRM).
These brief, user-friendly demos show how mySAP CRM performs in
a real-world environment:
Complaint Handling for Logistics Service Providers
Discover how mySAP Customer Relationship Management allows you
to aggregate customer information from disparate systems,
integrate processes to improve customer service, resolve
customer problems in real time, and provide services that
enhance customer relationships.
Watch the
demo. -- Log-in required.
mySAP CRM: Improving Order Management
Find out how mySAP CRM enables your sales staff to create sales
orders, check product availability in real-time, and change
orders on-the-fly -- so you can drive effective sales processes,
respond to changing customer needs, and achieve a faster time to
value.
Watch the
demo. -- Log-in required.
|

[5]
Customer Analytics
Customer analytics applies
Business
Intelligence and
reporting methodologies such as
data mining
and
OLAP
(Online Analytical Processing) to CRM applications. These
applications are customized to analyze, report on and predict
customer behavior.
Customer data marts store information that
can be analyzed with data mining tools to build
customer behavior models. Data marts are also used
to create targeted advertising campaigns to increase
customer return rates.
OLAP: The CRM Enabler
Introduction
Customer Relationship Management has
continued to thrive and is reaching increased levels
of maturity. The reasons behind this are many, but
my favorite is quite simple: if your competitors
have a better understanding of your customers and
how they interact with you, they will attempt and
likely succeed in driving your customers away from
you and toward their products or services. The
commonly accepted subsets of CRM are:
- Sales Force Automation
- Call Center and Other Types of
Customer Interface Operations
- Purchase Recommendation Engines and
Real-Time Content Customization Engines
- Marketing Segmentation, Campaign
Operations, and Campaign Management
Analysis permeates all of the above
facets of CRM. A sales organization needs
analytics to understand and better manage lead
sources, opportunity success rates and reasons,
employee performance, etc. Similarly, contact
centers use predictive analytics to understand root
causes, pinpoint product issues, call routing
effectiveness. But perhaps the most intensive use of
analysis goes into the Marketing department, where
customers are segmented, campaigns are built and
executed, then the results are analyzed, which is
then used to more effectively re-start the entire
cycle.
The underlying concept which makes this
type of analysis possible is On-Line Analytics
Processing, or OLAP, and is the focus of the
following pages.
OLAP and Data Warehousing
OLAP is the underlying concept behind
Data Warehousing, one of the technologies that makes
the types of analysis discussed above possible. Data
Warehousing as a concept has been around for over a
decade (and OLAP is much older then that), it has
definitely matured, and is as "hot" as it has ever
been. Until several years ago, the very definition
of Data Warehousing was debated: Does a data
warehouse encompass data across the entire
enterprise, or can it be departmental, and still be
considered a data warehouse? Or do these
departmental "warehouses" automatically become data
marts, a lower ranking citizen in the nation of Data
Warehouses.
In fact, the definitive difference
between the Mart and the Warehouse has narrowed down
since the early Data Warehouse days. In most cases,
it is not a question of what it is, but rather, what
its purpose is. A warehouse that is enterprise wide,
for instance, can be small because it is
departmental and only warehouses marketing data. But
you could still correctly call it a data mart.
Data Warehouses enable us to do something
that traditional operational systems were
either unable to do, or doing it was very
impractical and inefficient: Warehouse Data.
Operational systems collect and store the current
state of data. For example, if your company tracks
customer complaint calls, you can ask your
operational system "How many complaint calls did we
get yesterday?". However, it would be difficult to
ask "How many complaint calls did agent John Doe
answer, between 10 and 11 am, on October 28, 2000,
relating to our Model X Widget, with status of
'Critical'?" This kind of question would require
serious effort on the part of your IT team to
answer; the answer could come too late for you to
make a relevant business decision. The question may
not be considered important enough by the IT team to
even be answered, because "more important people may
have more important questions." Even if you get an
answer, the answer may create more questions, such
as "Give me a breakdown of the Model X Widget
variations, for that same time period, for all
agents, that shows number of 'Critical' complaints
by variation." Say you can make things happen, and
you get your answers in a timely manner. Well, the
answers may be wrong! Wrong because many
organizations have more than one system that may
track this same information (or fragments of it),
and subsequently there may be more than one
"version" of the true answer. Similarly, if your CEO
asks its VPs "How many Model X Widgets did we sell
last September?", the Accounting, Finance, and Sales
VPs could come up with different numbers, because
they will use different systems and methodologies
(i.e. the tracking metrics of returns, uncollectible
debt, recalls, etc may vary across these
organizations).
This is where Data Warehousing comes in.
First, it understands business rules that
show a "single version of the truth." Second, it
answers complex business questions with great ease.
In fact, analysts can easily get up-to-the-minute
answers, without IT's involvement, to questions such
as "How many complaint calls did agent John Doe
answer, between 10 and 11 am, on October 28, 2000,
relating to our Model X Widget, with status of
'Critical'?". Now, that's power of information; it
can turn office clerks into powerful
decision-makers.
But what makes up a Data Warehouse?
It is a database, with a special
schema design. Most operational databases consist of a large
number of highly normalized tables, By contrast, Data Warehouses
have a fact table (or tables) in the middle, surrounded by
dimension tables. This design looks like a star, and therefore
it is called a star schema. The fact table contains numerical
values (such as dollar amounts, quantities, and other
measures)—hence the descriptor “fact.” The dimension tables hold
the dimension (such as Time), and its subsets (minute, hour,
day, month, year), which define the depth of granularity. A
degree of normalization can be added to this star schema, by
adding related tables to the dimension tables, if needed. In
this case, the schema design looks more like a snowflake, and
this is what it is known as. The dimensions, in effect describe
the “cold hard facts,” by explaining that the fact 200 means
“200 variations of the product Widget, sold on September 20, in
Japan, via the Web Channel.” This example contains the following
dimensions: Product, Time, Geography, and Sales Channel.
Why de-normalize a database in this
way?
A star schema design provides for the
fastest possible query time, and data warehouses are
used specifically for fast queries that require
execution times that follow the train of thought.
Star schemas are fast (it is often said 100 times
more efficient) because querying them requires very
few joins between tables, compared with normalized
tables. Compared to normalized databases, however,
star schemas are very inefficient at data storage
and writing data, which is why they are used
specifically for querying purposes.
The best way to get a quick return on
investment on often costly Data Warehousing projects
is to use other OLAP technologies to tap into its
data and get information that will enable better
strategic and tactical business decisions.
Why is a cube often used to
represent OLAP?
Although a cube is an inaccurate
representation of OLAP, answering this question will
show what OLAP does and how it works. The "cube" is
actually the data. You may have heard of "slicing
and dicing:" What this means is that you can look at
particular piece of information inside the cube. So
why a cube? At the core of OLAP databases is
multidimensionality. This allows for data to be
looked at from different perspectives, or through
different dimensions.
Say you have time, product, status, and
request type dimensions. This means that you can
look at the number of requests that occurred in a
particular time window, for a particular product,
and that have a particular status. That's not all.
The dimensions can have granularity, which can allow
you to drill down, and see further detail. So why is
a cube an inaccurate representation of OLAP? A cube
has 3 (or 6, depending on how you look at it)
dimensions; whereas an OLAP database may have more
or less.
The two main OLAP technologies:
Relational OLAP (ROLAP) and
Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP). Both are based on the
same concepts that are at the basis of Data
Warehousing: storage of data across time and other
dimensions (i.e. products, agents, budgeted
expenses, actual expenses, etc). What separates them
is how they work under the hood.
ROLAP holds the data in a relational
database, in a Relational Database Management System
(RDBMS), such as Oracle or Microsoft SQL Server. In
effect, ROLAP is a Data Warehouse, plus special
querying tools that enable quick and user friendly
querying. ROLAP systems in practice are typically a
hybrid of an RDBMS (say, Oracle), and the query tool
(such as Cognos PowerPlay, Brio, etc.) Some query
tools can be very specialized, such as the Epiphany
Marketing product. With minimal configuration,
marketing analysts can these off-the-shelf
specialized products to create specialized marketing
mailing lists, create, manage and analyze campaigns,
etc.
MOLAP holds the data in a
multidimensional database (MDB). This is a
completely different technology from the RDBMS
packages. MDBs have been around for as long as
RDBMS, although they have not been as well known.
MDBs are more inefficient at storing data, however,
their querying time is faster than ROLAP. More
popular MOLAP database packages include Hyperion
Essbase, Oracle Express, Holos, etc.
(Please see
Successful
Customer Relationship Management -
Why ERP, Data
Warehousing, Decision Support and Metadata Matter
SAS
Our Server
) . Item (10) on this
page.
Also very important
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[6]
Back to Basics
It is important in
a study of CRM to have a refreshing reading, on why customers buy.
Accordingly it is recommended to read the following:
Customers and Markets
Possibly the most challenging concept in marketing deals with
understanding why buyers do what they do (or don’t do). But
such knowledge is critical for marketers since having a strong
understanding of buyer behavior will help shed light on what is
important to the customer and also suggest the important
influences on customer decision-making. Using this information,
marketers can create marketing programs that they believe will
be of interest to customers.
As you might guess, factors affecting how customers make
decisions are extremely complex. Buyer behavior is deeply
rooted in psychology with dashes of sociology thrown in just to
make things more interesting. Since every person in the world
is different, it is impossible to have simple rules that explain
how buying decisions are made. But those who have spent many
years analyzing customer activity have presented us with useful
“guidelines” in how someone decides whether or not to make a
purchase.
In fact, pick up any textbook that examines customer behavior
and each seems to approach it from a different angle. The
perspective we take is to touch on just the basic concepts that
appear to be commonly accepted as influencing customer
behavior. We will devote two sections of the Principles of
Marketing tutorial to customer behavior. In this section we
will examine the buying behavior of consumers (i.e., when people
buy for personal reasons) while in next section we will examine
factors that influence buyer’s decisions in the business market.
This tutorial includes the following topics:
The business market is comprised of organizations that, in
some form, are involved in the manufacturer, distribution or
support of products or services sold or otherwise provided to
other organizations. The amount of purchasing undertaken in the
business market easily dwarfs the total spending by consumers.
Because the business market is so large it draws the interest of
millions of companies worldwide that market exclusively to
business customers. For these marketers understanding how
businesses make purchase decisions is critical to their
organizations’ marketing efforts.
In some ways understanding the business market is not as
complicated as understanding the consumer market. For example,
in certain business markets purchase decisions hinge on the
outcome of a bidding process between competitors offering
similar products and services. In these cases the decision to
buy is often whittled down to one concern – who has the lowest
price. Thus, unlike consumer markets, where building a
recognizable brand is very important, for many purchase
situations in the business market this is not the case.
However, in many other ways business buying is much more
complicated. For instance, the demand by businesses for
products and services is affected by consumer purchases (called
derived demand) and because so many organizations may have a
part in creating consumer purchases, a small swing in consumer
demand can create big changes in business purchasing.
Automobile purchases are a good example. If consumer demand for
cars increases many companies connected with the automobile
industry will also see demand for their products and services
increase (we will later refer to these companies as supply chain
members). Under these conditions companies will ratchet up
their operations to ensure demand is met, which invariably will
lead to new purchases by a large number of companies. In fact,
it is conceivable that an increase of just one or two percent
for consumer demand can increase business demand for products
and services by five or more percent. Unfortunately, the
opposite is true if demand declines. Trying to predict these
swings requires businesses to not only understand their
immediate customers but also the end user, which as we will
discuss, may be well down the supply chain from where the
business operates.
This section discusses the unique characteristics of the
business market. We will see that marketers must appeal to
business customers in ways that are distinct from how they would
approach consumers. While marketers selling to other businesses
operate with most of the same marketing tools used by marketers
of consumer products, how they employ these tools to reach their
marketing objectives may be quite different.
This tutorial includes the following topics:
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[7]

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Your Jack Pot
reading on the subject
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The New World of Sophistication
From mashups and analytics to melanges and
intimacy, in the coming year CRM's evolving opposable thumbs will
add dexterity to business processes.
-
Analytics Brought to Bear
How strength in numbers--in this case, the
analytics of customer data--transforms sales teams into sales
forces.
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The BI Tools Bonanza
Simple, rewarding BI tools have been
developed over the past three years, quietly accelerating marketers'
ability to see and hear.

-
The ABCs of CRM from
CIO

-
Customer Relationship
Management (CRM) - Beyond the “buzz”

-
CRM Overview
-
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The ROI of CRM STRATEGIES FOR
MEASURING AND MAXIMIZING CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS
-
Implementing a CRM Strategy
- "Winning
the Competition for Customer Relationships" (PDF) By
Professor George Day
Our Server
-
Are All of Your Customers
Profitable (To You)?
. By Gary Cokins, SAS
Our Server
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How and Why Do Customers
Identify With Companies?
By Michael Ahearne, C.B. Bhattacharya, Thomas Gruen, IESE
Insight
Our Server
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You Can’t Gauge Your
Business Success Without Effective Measurement By
Niall Budds, Quaero,
Our Server
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Customer Relationship
Management: Challenging the Myth By Donald A. Marchand
& Rebecca Meadows, IMD,
Our Server
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Marrying Market Research
and Customer Relationship Marketing
Saïd Business School & Ipsos UK,,
Our
Server
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Marketing Shouldn't
Always Drive Customer Strategy By Naras Eechambadi,
Quaero,
Our Server
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Executing to Plan: How to
Close the Gap
By Don Peppers and Martha Rogers, Ph.D., Peppers & Rogers Group,
Our Server
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Unlocking the Value of
Your CRM Initiative

Effective ROI gains will be realized through CRM implementations.
However, CRM initiatives depend upon more than simply introducing a
technology solution to the organization. In short, CRM strategy is dependant
upon the sum-total of all planning, development and adoption tasks needed to
achieve the company's customer-related goals.
Our Server.
Peppers & Rogers Group
-
What Every Exec Should
Know About Customer Retention By Don Peppers & Martha
Rogers, Ph.D., Peppers & Rogers Group

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Leveraging Value With a
More Effective Customer Interaction Center (CIC)
The traditional call center continues its battle to prove its
value within the organizational structure. For many leading companies, the
shift from a cost center to a revenue generator is already underway. See how
leading companies can achieve success, the people, processes and
technologies required to make that transition successful by aligning with
the company's customer vision, including its ability to differentiate
customers by their value and needs.
Our Server.
Peppers & Rogers Group 
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1to1 Mobility:
Customer-based Strategies for the Wireless World
Mobility - the convergence of wireless communication and global
positioning technology - is changing the way we interact with our friends,
families and customers. Next generation technologies such as broadband
wireless networks (also known as 3G, or third-generation networks), mobile
devices and on-demand audio and video, will make possible a deeper and more
effective approach to successful customer strategy across the enterprise.
Our Server
Peppers & Rogers Group 
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CRM Momentum Building:
How to Turn Around Your Stalled CRM Implementation
You've secured the funding for CRM. You've hired a reputable
integrator. You've bought the ultimate CRM technology. You've implemented
your tools and automated your processes. And yet your company-wide CRM
implementation - the one you're leading - is many months late, way over
budget and has yet to deliver on its promise. Here are six practical
suggestions on how to get things moving forward again.
Our Server.
Peppers & Rogers Group 
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How Retailers are Using
Customer Insight to Build Competitive Advantage
It's no secret. Retail profitability is connected to customer
insight. Years ago, the best retailers were those that could generate
pedestrian traffic and had well merchandized stores offering fresh displays
and good service. Firmly entrenched in the "Relationship Age," today's
leading retailers are leveraging their rich customer bases to build
profitable relationships with valuable customers by focusing their
merchandising, marketing and customer service offerings into a powerful,
integrated brand offering.
Our Server. Peppers & Rogers Group
-
CRM in a Down
Economy…Revisited
In 2001, Peppers & Rogers Group published its first white paper,
CRM in a Down Economy. With two years of a lagging market under our belt, we
wanted to find out just how accurate our CRM prescriptions for better
business really are. "CRM in a Down Economy … Revisited", takes a critical
look at the new strategies and practices that have emerged.
Our Server. Peppers & Rogers Group
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Privacy: Beyond
Compliance
Leading companies are leveraging their databases in order to
create long-term competitive advantage. These relationships that bring
strong returns are built on trust. See how companies are building trusted
relationships with customers through the responsible collection and use of
their data.
Our Server.
Peppers & Rogers Group
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Understanding Unique ID
Solutions
A unique identification approach to CRM will fundamentally change
how a firm competes by having full visibility of customer financial,
operating, and interaction data. This white paper shows how moving from
aggregate data on a product or brand equity basis to the individual customer
level of analytics is essential to understanding and managing the revenue
and cost drivers behind aggregate results.
Our Server.
Peppers & Rogers Group
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Smart Retailers Use
Customer Intelligence Throughout Organization By
Robert Garf, AMR Research, Our Server
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Top Down vs. Bottom Up
By Gregory J. Nolan, Association for Management Information in
Financial Services,
Our Server
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Customer Service in
Customers' Eyes
Accenture,
Our Server

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Are You Worthy of the
Loyalty You Desire? By Kevin and Jackie Freiberg, San Diego Consulting Group, Inc.
Our Server

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Let CRM Drive Your Supply
Chain By Khristen Chapin, Integrated Solutions for Retailers.
Our Server
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Generating Higher Profits
by Managing Customers as Financial Assets By Tracey Ah
Hee and Adam Ramshaw, Genroe.
Our Server
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Who Needs Customers,
Anyway? By Martin Koch & Patric Imark, SAS Institute
AG, Switzerland.
Our Server
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Break With the Past: Get
Intimate With Your Customers
IMD Article
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Implementing a CRM
Scorecard - Part 1 By James Brewton, CRMetrix.
Our Server
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Marketing Performance
Management: The CMO’s Ultimate Toolkit By Lane Michel,
Quaero.
Our Server
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Turning Data into Action
By John Gaffney and Larry Dobrow, Peppers & Rogers Group.
Our Server
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Want Value from Your
Acquisition? Try a Customer-Centric Approach By Russ
Cobb, SAS.
Our Server
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Truth and Trust: They Go
Together By Stever Robbins, Harvard Business
School Working Knowledge.
Our Server
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Making Every Contact
Count By Tom Van Horn and Robert E. Wollan, Accenture.
Our Server
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CRM Empowers Harrah’s to
Look Backwards and Forwards When Developing Campaigns By Jeanette Slepian, BetterManagement.
Our Server
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Getting it Right: Turning
Customer Value into Competitive Advantage in Retail Banking
SAS and Peppers & Rogers Group.
Our Server
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Which Customers Are Worth
Keeping and Which Ones Aren’t? Managerial Uses of CLV
Knowledge@Wharton.
Our Server
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BetterManagement LIVE
Interviews the Thought Leaders.
Our Server
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Loyalty Programs Must
Create Real Value By David Peak, Peppers & Rogers
Group.
Our Server
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A Cingular Challenge:
Becoming More Than the Sum of its Parts Knowledge@Wharton.
Our Server
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If You're Going by the
Old Rules, You Don't Know Your Customer
SAS Article
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The Twelve Laws of Loyalty
AMA article

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The Lowdown on Customer
Loyalty Programs: Which Are the Most Effective and Why
Published: September 06, 2006 in Knowledge@Wharton.
Our Server
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Striking the CRM Balance
Rich customer relationships that generate loyalty and revenue are
critical to sustained performance. To meet this challenge, companies are
deploying Customer Relationship Management (CRM) applications and strategies
across their organizations.
Our Server. Microsoft Business Solutions now
Microsoft Dynamics.
-
A CRM Blueprint:
Maximizing ROI from your Customer-based Strategy
An analysis of the CRM Marketplace that provides in-depth case
studies and offers perspective as you build your company's customer-based
strategy.
Our Server.
Microsoft Dynamics GP
(formerly Microsoft Great Plains)
-
An E-commerce Bluprint:
How to Maximize ROI from your Web Strategy
As innovation continues on the Web, one business directive
remains for: Interact and transact with customers on the Web or be left
behind This white paper offers insights and best practices from companies
who have had success.
Our Server.
Microsoft Dynamics GP
(formerly Microsoft Great Plains)
-
Marketing Automation -
Why CRM Investments Make Sense
SAS
Our Server
(24 pages)
-
Successful Customer
Relationship Management -
Why ERP, Data
Warehousing, Decision Support and Metadata Matter
SAS
Our Server
(9 pages)
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Customer Loyalty - Are You
Wired for It
AMA article
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Move Over, Baby Boomers
CIO article
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Best Practices in Lead
Management
AMA article
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Stand Out and Be Heard
AMA article
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CRM's
High Wireless Act
Wireless immediacy allows
enterprises to pursue CRM simplicity with powerful rewards for everyday
functions.
From CRM Magazine
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Marketing Transformation
AMA article
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Philip Kotler Quotes on
Marketing
-
Principles of Direct Response
Advertising Media
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