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| Learning First Aid & helping people in distress is a great service to humanity. FIRST AID Only by selfless service one can attain HIS Love. (S.G.G.S. Page 286) 1. UNCONSCIOUSNESS (COMA) (When victim doesn't respond or respond partially to Painful stimuli) • In any unconscious victim see for A (airway) B (breathing) C (circulation) (See CPR for details) • Loosen all the clothings. Turn the head to one side & raise the shoulder slightly or turn the whole body to one side. (This position prevents vomitus to go into lungs). • Give nothing to drink. 2. BLEEDING • Stop the bleeding by pressing firmly over the wound site with hand and then applying bandage over it. Press it for 10 minutes. Raise the part above the head. 3. SHOCK ( It is cos of severe bleeding, burns, electric shock, loose motions, heart attack.) SIGNS : Feeling of fainting, collapse, skin is pale , cold & clammy. Pulse is fast & their is profound sweating. * Put the head end of victim low by raising the foot end of victim. * Loosen all clothings & keep the victim warm . Give sips of salty water or tea , only if victim is fully conscious . 4. EPILEPSY ( CONVULSIONS ) * Hold the victim with moderate force just to prevent him from falling & injuring himself .Don't think that holding with strong force will stop the Epilepsy (It takes its own fixed time to stop) • Put the victim on one side & never let him lie on his back or Abdomen. • Give nothing to drink. Put some cloth between teeth to prevent tongue bitting. 5. HEART ATTACK (Symptoms of attack are extremes shortness of breath, nausea, Anxiety, Pain in the centre of chest sometimes radiating to neck/arm, sweating & loss of consciousness) • Loosen all clothing. Give nothing to drink. Remain calm & Reassure the patient. • Help him to take position comfortable for him & don't insist on making him lie down. • Give one tablet of Disprin dissolved in water. • Give CPR if no breathing or pulse situation arises. Transport the victim to hospital. 6. DROWNING • Remove foreign particles from nose & mouth. Immediately give CPR (mouth to mouth respiration) even when victim is in water. • Turn the victim face down with head to one side & arm stretched beyond his head (In children, hold them upside down).Then raise the middle part of the body with your hand around the belly. This will bring out the water from lungs. 7. HEAT EXHAUSTION AND HEAT STROKE (It is becaus of excessive exposure to sunlight in Summers) Loss of body water & salt leads to symptoms in these condition. HEAT EXHAUSTION (is a milder illness. It presents as weakness, cramps, dizyness & shock) • Give plenty of water with salt (1/2 teaspoon salt in 1 Litre water) to drink and cool the patient. HEAT STROKE (it is a life threatening illness. It presents as come, temp 107°F, skin hot & dry) • Bring down the temperature immediately. Give sponging with cold water or Ice or submerge the victim in Ice Cold water and Fan him. Loosen all the clothings. • When temperature comes to 102°F stop sponging & treat further on the pattern of exhaustion. 8. FIRE • Stop the flames with water. Don't allow the victim to run about. Hold the blanket or other cloth in front of you while approaching the victim & lay the victim quickly on the ground & wrap the clothe tightly . Smoothen the flames by rolling or patting. Rescuing victim from fire in the room * Don't open windows and doors oterwise itn will increse fire. * Put wet clothe over mouth & go inside crawling & pull the victim out. * But go inside room in UPRIGHT POSITION if fire is in closed room. 9. AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENTS * Don't be hasty in attempting to get the victim out of car. It can lead to untold harm if arms, legs or spinal injuries are involved. • Give First Aid at once, inside the vehicle before attempting to move the victim. Exception is when there is danger of fire. • Removing the victim should involve three persons, one on each side & other supporting neck & head. • First Aid should be given according to priority sequence starting with A,B,C. 10. MOVING AN INJURED PERSON (If neck or back injury is suspected) It should be suspected if the victim is unable to move his fingers/toes or feet or if there is numbness. • Call the doctor or Ambulance quickly, if possible. Meanwhile cover the victim with blankets, coats. • (Any wrong movement can worsens the damage & may lead to death). Victim should be moved very carefully. Support the neck & head & support the body from sides (minimum three persons). Keep the neck absolutely straight. Don't allow any movement of the neck. Body should be lifted in a straight line. Move the body lengthwise & not sidewise with head first & fully supporting head & neck. 11. INJURIES (Cut, scratches, Abrasions & Fractures) • Wash your hands & clean the area around the wound with soap & water. • Clean the wound itself with soap & water. They dry it with pads. • Apply antibiotic cream, sterlised gauze or a clean cloth over it. Bandage it. 12. fractures (Signs of fracture are pain at the spot, Swelling of area & Deformity of the limb) • Treat the wound & bleeding before Fracture immbolisation. • Fracture immobilisation can be done by using bandages & splints (Splints can be made up of Newspaper, Cardboard, Wood, etc). Put one splint on each side of fracture. It should be long enough to cover joint below & above the fracture site. The basic AIM is to prevent any movement of joint & below the fracture site. *Two legs can be tied together, or arm can be tied to the side of body. This can act as a splint. 13. FOREIGN BODIES IN EYE, EAR OR NOSE IN EYES : • Never rub the eye. Pull the lower lid down & take out foreign body with cotton twisted to fine point. • (If particle is in upper lid). Take clean water in hand and blink brisky in the water. • If unsuccessful, then pull upper lid forwards & push lower lid upwards & let go off the both lids. The eyeleshes of lower lid can dislodge the foreign particle. • If unsuccessful, then don't touch eyes. Put pad & bandage & consult the doctor. IN EARS : Fill the ear with glycerine, coconut of, musturd oil or salt water. Insect will float in it. IN NOSE : • Don't do anything. Any intervention can lead to slipping of foreign particle. Breath from the mouth and consult the Doctor. 14. BURNS • In Minor Burns, flush the area with running water. Apply cloth soaked in ice water. Continue applying it till the pain is relieved. Don't apply onitment, grease, baking soda.. • In Major Burns, cover the area with sterlise dressing or clean sheet. Cut the clothings away from burnt area. Don't pull the cloth that adhears to burnt area. Shift the patient to hospital immediately. 15. POISONING • Induce the vomiting (in conscious patients only) by tickling finger into the throat or giving salt water to drink. After vomiting keep on giving water to drink to dilute the poison. • Don't induce vomitting in unconscious victim & poisoning with Acid, Alkalies, Kerosene, Phenol or Dettol. 16. NOSE BLEED • Pinch the nose for 15 minutes & sit quietly. Don't blow the nose. Lay the victim with head elevated & place a cold wet towel on the face. In unsuccessful, plug the nose with gauze. 17. SNAKE BITE • Apply a constricting band 2 to 4 inch above the bite site to prevent spread of venom. This Band shouldn't be too tight or loose. You should be able to insert 2 fingers in that band. • Keep the site below the level of heart. Don't apply Ice or give alcohol or other drugs. The person doing selfless service is loved by WAHEGURU, because everyone can't do this sewa & only one destined to do it can do it. (S.G.G.S. Page 47) |
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