For a vivid and candid description of city fighting in Mogadishu, visit Mark Bowden's superb Philadelphia Inquirer series Blackhawk Down. Articles, images, video, audio, and Q&A provide first hand accounts of urban warfare at the tactical level, where "Low Intensity Conflict" does not exist. This series led to the publication of Mark Bowden's best-selling book Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War.
Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War (1st Chapter - USA Today)
Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War - Book Review (USA Today)
Amazon.com - Black Hawk Down (Purchase Black Hawk Down - 147 reader's book reviews)
Military Book Club Interview - Mark Bowden
Somalia Vignettes - short first-hand accounts of the Blackhawk Down - TF Ranger battle in Mogadishu. These are "snapshot" accounts of the operation and are best read after either reading Mark Bowden's book, the Blackhawk Down Internet site or you already have an understanding of the operation and its objectives.
Vignette 1: US Army Ranger
Vignette 2: USAF CCT Member
Vignette 3: US Army Ranger Lieutenant
Vignette 4: USAF Pararescue Team Member
Vignette 5: US Army Sergeant
Vignette 6: US Army Helicopter Pilot Attached to TF Ranger
Vignette 7: US Army Helicopter Pilot Attached to TF Ranger
Vignettes 8 and 9: US Army Helicopter Pilots Attached to TF Ranger
Vignette 10: US Army Logistics Officer
Vignette 11: US Army Special Forces Captain
Vignette 12: US Army Special Forces Captain
Vignette 13: US Army Special Forces Demolitions Sergeant
Vignette 14: US Army Special Forces Lieutenant Colonel
Vignette 15: US Army Special Forces Medic
Vignettes 16 and 17: US Army Special Forces Master Sergeant
Vignette 18: US Army Special Forces Team Sergeant
Vignette 19: US Army Special Forces Communications NCO
Vignette 20: US Army Special Forces Team Sergeant
Vignette 21: US Army Captain
Vignette 22: US Army Major
Vignette 23: US Army Warrant Intelligence Officer
Vignette 24: US Navy SEAL
Vignette 25: US Navy SEAL
Somalia Operations: Lessons Learned (NDU)
TF Ranger: A Case Study Examining the Application of Advanced Technology in Modern Urban Warfare (PDF)
After-Action Report: CIA in Somalia 1993 (Washington Post)
Ambush in Mogadishu (PBS Frontline)
Five Years Later: Myths of the U.S. Debacle in Somalia Uncovered
Presidential Address to the Nation on the Situation in Somalia (4 December 1992)
160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Night Stalkers Homepage)
Medals of Honor Awarded for Action in Somalia
Operation Restore Hope (FAS Synopsis and Links)
Operation Continue Hope (FAS Synopsis and Links)
Somalia: Fielded Forces (MilNet)
Targeting in MOUT: The Somalia Perspective (CALL)
Soldier Interviews - Somalia (CALL)
Somalia Update: MOUT (CALL)
The Need for Snipers in MOUT (CALL)
The Canadian Airborne Regiment: A Soldier's Journals (1993)
Did We Poison Our Somalia Soldiers? (Canada - Toronto Sun)
Canadian Troops Brought Peace to Somalia (Ottawa Citizen)
The Somalia Rangers Homepage
Operation Restore Hope (Task Force Mogadishu - personal website)
Learning from Operation Restore Hope and UNOSOM II
Background on the Somalia Conflict (Article)
The Somalia Affair: Reflections on Peacemaking and Peackeeping (MG Loomis - book excerpts)
Waltzing with Warlords: Will the West Make Martyrs of Thugs in Somalia?
Somalia: Civil War, Intervention and Withdrawal 1990-1995 (REFWORLD)
Abdul Abdi Articles (Various commentary pieces on U.S. Operations in Somalia)
Somalia Mission Control: Clinton Called the Shots (Newsday - Part I)
Hunting Down Aidid: Why Clinton Changed His Mind (Newsday - Part II)
Full of Tears and Grief: For Elite Commandos - Mission Ended in Disaster (Newsday - Part III)
A Tough Enounter with Policy Survivors (Newsday Part IV)
Death of a Warlord
Setting a Dangerous Precedent in Somalia (Cato Institute)
Fighting for Hope in Somalia
The Somalia Crisis: Time for an African Solution (1994)
NomadNet: Intervention in Somalia (Press reports, insights, and opinions - multiple sites)
SomaliNet (Articles, news and more)
ArabNet - Somalia Page
Violence Rules in Divided Mogadishu (BBC - The war-torn urban environment)
U.S. Massacres in Somalia (Revisionist History of Mogadishu Battle)
Somalia Links Page (Stanford University)
Somalia: Lessons From a Humanitarian Intervention (Overview)
The Comprehensive Report on Lessons Learned from UN Operations in Somalia (UN - UNOSOM: April 92 - March 95)
U.N. Withdrawal from Somalia Cultural Intelligence Summary Report (OOTW Center For Excellence)
UNOSOM II (Background/Information)
Building a Newspaper: Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (CALL - Operation Provide Hope)
United Shield Background Briefing (Withdrawal from Mogadishu)
Operation United Shield (FAS Synopsis and Links)
Spinning Dunkirk (Commentary on U.S. withdraw)
A Journalist in Mogadishu (Michael Maren - 1993)
In the Line of Fire (BBC reporter in Mogadishu)
Somalia U.S. Army Area Handbook (1993)
Somalia Page (University of Pennsylvania)
Somalia Watch
Return to Somalia - The Land Americans Want to Forget (NomadNet)
Removing Barricades in Somalia: Options for Peace and Rehabilitation
Battle in the Horn: The Somali Connection (BBC)
Somalia: Emerging Third Front in the Ethiopia-Eritrea War? (STRATFOR.COM)
Spoiled (The New Republic)
Humanitarian Intervention in Somalia (Bibliograpy)
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