Urban Threats - Battles - Operations

"The eye-opener of the day for Chuck Meadows and his Marines was how many men it took to secure a row of buildings, for it wasn't simply a matter of attacking past them. To secure a row of buildings, Golf/2/5 was learning--but had not quite learned--a unit had to secure every room in every one of the structures, had to fight a war in three dimensions rather than the usual two."

Eric Hammel - Mean Streets - Excerpt from Fire In the Streets

Hue, RVN

Chechnya:

The MOUT Homepage Chechnya Site

Terrorism:

The MOUT Homepage Terrorism Site

Crime:

The MOUT Homepage International/Transnational Crime Site

Insurgency - Guerrilla Warfare:

The MOUT Homepage Insurgency - Guerrilla Warfare Site

Sudan:

The Battle of Wau - Guile and Deception in the Sudanese Civil War (Adam Geibel)

Sub-Saharan Africa:

Congo-Kinshasa - Dying Cities in an Unknown Civil War (Infantry)
In The Heart of War (Kinshasha - urban warfare)
Are We Learning the Right Lessons from Africa's Humanitarian Crises? (Naval War College Review)
Rwanda: The Face of Tribalism in the 20th Century
Civilian-Military Cooperation and Military Assistance: Lessons From Rwanda (Parameters)
Military Support and Protection for Humanitarian Assistance - Rwanda: April - December 1994 (Section One)
Military Support and Protection for Humanitarian Assistance - Rwanda: April - December 1994 (Section Two)
The Comprehensive Report on Lessons Learned from the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UN - UNAMIR)
Rwanda: Aftermath of Genocide (Philadelphia Inquirer)
What Does Sweden Do For Rwanda? (Medecins Sans Frontieres)
Fielding's DangerFinder - Rwanda
Section Attack - The Double Envelopment (Canada, Infantry Journal, Rwandanese Patriot Army)
CNN World News: Africa

Columbia:

Crisis? What Crisis? Security Issues in Columbia (NDU)

Indonesia:

U.S. Forces - International Force in East Timor (INTERFET Homepage)
United Nations Transitional Adminstration in East Timor (UNAET)
Federation of American Scientists Timor Crisis Page (Extensive links)
East Timor Resources on the Internet (Link page)
Operation Stabilize (CNN - East Timor)
United Nations Home Page
Indonesian National Commission on Human Rights
Indonesian Embassy
Government of Indonesia
Facts about Indonesia
East Timor Action Network/U.S.
East Timor Human Rights Center
East Timor: Past, Present and Future
East Timor Referendum 1999
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
Terror in East Timor (World Vision)
Yahoo News: Indonesia Links
Jenkela Indonesia (Indonesian Newspapers and Magazines online)
Yahoo Links to Indonesian Urban Areas
Military - Students Battle on in Jakarta

The Former Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY):

The MOUT Homepage Balkans Site

Haiti:

Operation Uphold Democracy: Power Under Control (USA CGSC)
Haiti Update Parts I - IV (SSI)
The United Nations Mission in Haiti (CALL)
Intelligence and the Peacekeper in Haiti (MIPB)
Lessons from Operation Restore Democracy (MIPB - Intelligence)
The Civil Military Operations Center in Operation Uphold Democracy (Air University - PDF)
Force Protection: Integrating Civil Affairs and Intelligence (MIPB)
Engineer Roles in Stabilizing Haiti (CELL)
Firefighting in Haiti (Army Logistician)
BSA Defense in Cap-Haitien (Army Logistician)
Hiring Local Labor (Cap-Haitien, Army Logistician)
The Civil Military Operations Center in Operation Uphold Democracy (AU, PDF)
Fielding's DangerFinder - Haiti

Somalia:

The MOUT Homepage Somalia Site

Civil Disturbances - Domestic Operations - Natural Disasters(U.S. and others):

Note: Garden Plot is the generic Operations Plan (OPLAN) for military support related to domestic civil disturbances.

Military Support to Civil Authorities (Resource page)
FM 100-19/FMFM 7-10: Domestic Support Operations
Joint Task Force Civil Support (DefenseLINK - potential standing JTF)
Legal Aspects of Domestic Employment of the Army (Parameters)
Defending Sovereignty: Domestic Operations and Legal Precedents (Military Review)
The National Guard is not a Police Force (Shaffer Library of Drug Policy)
Public Safety and the "Combat Environment" (Emergency Net)
Partnership for Peace Emergency Prepardness Program (Civil Defense Technology Workshop)
Domestic State Violence (History)
Three Days of Hell in Los Angeles (ENN, L.A. Riots - 1992)
Lessons in Command and Control from the Los Angeles Riots (Parameters)
OOTW Civil Disturbance: The L.A. Riots (CALL)
Operation JTF-LA (FAS, Synopsis, Los Angeles Riots)
Combat in the Cities: The L.A. Riots and Operation Rio (FMSO)
Operation Rio: Taking Back the Streets (Military Review)
Fires and Furies: The L.A. Riots (FMSO Book Review - Synopsis)
Understanding Riots (Cato Journal)
Domestic Operations: The Canadian Approach (Parameters)
Train for Domestic Operations (Canada)
Using Force of Arms to Provide Domestic Security (FMSO, a Russian view)
Russia's Internal Forces: Hot Spot Stabilizer Within Russia (FMSO)
The Overlap of Military and Police in Latin America (FMSO)
The Changing Role of the Military in Latin America (IDSA)
Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Civil Disturbances (CALL, Operation Joint Endeavor, Maglaj)
MAYDAY: Kent State
Kent State, May 4 1970: America Kills its Children
Kent State: An NCO's Perspective
Kent State Chronology (1-4 May 1970)
Ohio State University (4 May 1970)
The Cities: What Next? (Time, U.S. 1967)
The News Reels (Late 1960's Dissident PSYOPS)
Individual and Collective Violence in Riots
EMERCOM: Russia's Emergency Response Team (FMSO)
The National Guard in Disaster Relief Operations (Hawaii National Guard, Hurricane Iniki)
Military Assistance Provided at the Branch Dividian Incident (GAO - PDF)
The San Francisco Riots - 1934
Military Rule in Chicago (Chicago fire aftermath - 1871)
Arms Expert Warns U.S. Cities Face Nuclear Terrorism Threat (Online Post-Gazette)
Urban Search and Rescue Teams (USAR - unit description)
Urban Search and Rescue (SAR Society of British Columbia)
Michigan Urban Search and Rescue
Disaster Search and Urban Rescue
Rescue Links
USGS Center for Integration of Natural Disaster Information
Tiananmen: April - June 1989 (Beijing - Images)

Liberia:

Factions, Foreigners and Fantasies: Civil War in Liberia (CSRC, Monrovia)
Liberia: Issues for The U.S. (FAS, 1847-1996, Monrovia)
Humanitarian Action and Security in Liberia 1989-1994 (Humanitarian and War Project)

Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait:

The Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait: An Eyewitness Account (LTC Fred L. Hart Jr.)

Desert Storm:

Military Police Operations in Desert Shield/Storm (MHI - PDF)
Airpower and the Iraqi Offensive at Khafji
Lessons Learned in 1972 Eastertide Pay Off (THN, Khafji)
The Battle Of Khafji: An Overview and Preliminary Analysis (Air University - PDF)
Baghdad: The Urban Sanctuary in Desert Storm? (Airpower Journal)
Arab Forces, Marines Take Kuwait City (The Washington Post - 28 February, 1991)

Panama:

75th Ranger Regiment's Just Cause Page
Operation Just Cause: Planning and Execution (JCS Joint History Office, PDF)
Operation Just Cause: Lessons Learned (CALL, Volume I: Soldiers and Leadership)
Operation Just Cause: Lessons Learned (CALL, Volume II: Operations)
Operation Just Cause: Lessons Learned (CALL, Volume III: Intelligence, Logistics, and Equipment)
MOUT: Various Tactical Topics/Discussions/Lessons (CALL)
Joint Task Force South in Operation Just Cause
Panama Vignette (DMI - USMA)
Panama: Operation Just Cause (Short overview - 5th Infantry Division)
The Panama Rangers Homepage
Operation Acid Gambit (Rescue of Kurt Muse)

Grenada:

The Grenada Rangers Homepage

Lebanon:

MOUT and the 1982 Lebanon Campaign: The Israeli Approach (Armor - PDF)
MOUT Lessons Learned: Operation Peace for Galilee (Beirut and Tyre)
Tactical Lessons for Peacekeeping: U.S. Multinational Force in Beirut 1982-1984
A Death in Beirut - Excerpt from The Root: Marines in Beirut
Maps and Historical Topography of Beirut
Lebanon: The Lebanese War (UK Site)
Armored Anti-Guerrilla Operations in South Lebanon (Armor - PDF)
Politics in Lebanon: The Creation of the Lebanese Army (Includes Operation Peace for Galilee -Beirut)
Yahoo's Israel - Lebanon Conflict Page
Israel/Lebanon: Operation Grapes of Wrath (Amnesty International)
Assad and the Peace Process: The Pivitol Role of Lebanon (SSI, background, Beirut)
Sanctuary and Survival: The PLO in Lebanon
Israel Charged With Systematic Harassment of U.S. Marines (Beirut - 1982-84)
Lebanon: 1982-1984 (Rand)
The U.S. in Lebanon: A Case for Disengagement
Lebanon: The Root of the Trouble
Falcon's Against the Jihad: Israeli Airpower and Coercive Diplomacy in Southern Lebanon (School of Advanced Airpower Studies)
Refugees Flee as Israel Widens Attack on Lebanon (1996 - Reuters/Nando.net)
The Israel-Hezbollah War (1996 - "Lebanon Under Siege" - Nando.net)
The Wrath Of Peace (1996)
Unlawful Killings During Operation Grapes of Wrath (Amnesty International account)
Israel Strikes Power Lines and Guerrilla Posts in Lebanon (1997)
U.S. Marines in Lebanon - 1958 (MCU)

Israel - Other Operations:

Israel's Crack Search and Rescue Unit
The Entebbe Raid (THN)
Young Warrior (1948)

Israel - Egypt:

Suez's Sacrifices (Suez City 1973)

El Salvador:

El Salvador: The Untold War

Iran-Iraq War:

Armor Evens the Odds in Two Urban Battles: A Tale of Two Cities - Hue and Khorramshahr (Armor)
A Review of the Strategy for Liberation of the Occupied Territories
The Air War in the Persian Gulf (Includes The War of the Cities - strategic bombing)

Iranian Revolution to Present:

Shi'a: The Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (BBC)
Revolution 1979-1999 (The Iranian)
Terror in Tehran (American Embassy takeover)
National Council of Resistance to Iran (Iran-e-Azad)
National Liberation Army of Iran (NLA military operations)

Afghanistan:

The MOUT Homepage Afghanistan Site

Northern Ireland:

MOUT Lessons Learned: Northern Ireland (Belfast and Londonderry urban operations)
CBC Northern Ireland Page (Current and historical information and links)
Security, Crime, and Policing in Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland: Latest News (BBC)
Yahoo's Northern Ireland News Page
Troops Keep "In Shape" with Invertion War Games (Intelligence)
Ireland: The Path to Peace
Peace in Northern Ireland? (Megastories Website)
The British Army in Northern Ireland (UK official site)
The British Military Garrison in Ireland (Sinn Fein site)
Sinn Fein
The Irish Republican Army (Irish Interest Group - University of Texas)
Security, Crime and Policing in Northern Ireland
The Independent Review of Parades and Marches
The Bloody Sunday Inquiry (Ongoing inquiry into the 30 January 1972 incident in Londonderry)
Remembering Bloody Sunday
Background to the Quest for Political Status 1969-1972 (IRA background)
In the Line of Fire (Londonderry, 1996)
The Ulster Special Constabulary
Northern Ireland Office (Links)
BRITIANUSA Northern Ireland Page (Official)
A New Era: British Army Ends Foot Patrols in Belfast (CNN)
Belfast Army Patrols End (BBC)
The Real IRA: After Omagh, What Next? (Janes)

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