| |
The
Classes and Their Words
Determiners
Interrogatives
Prepositions
Pronouns
Qualifiers
Relatives
Pronouns
|
Personal
Pronouns |
| |
Subject
Case |
Object
Case |
| First-Person |
| singular |
I |
me |
| plural |
we |
us |
| Second-Person |
| singular |
you |
| plural |
| Third-Person |
| singular |
masculine |
he |
him |
| feminine |
she |
her |
| neuter |
it |
| plural |
they |
them |
|
Reflexive
Pronouns |
| First-Person |
| singular |
myself |
| plural |
ourselves |
| Second-Person |
| singular |
yourself |
| plural |
yourselves |
| Third-Person |
| singular |
masculine |
himself |
| feminine |
herself |
| neuter |
itself |
| plural |
themselves |
|
Indefinite
Pronouns |
one
oneself |
some
someone
somebody
something |
any
anyone
anybody
anything |
none
no one
nobody
nothing |
everyone
everybody
everything |
another
any other
no other
others |
| many,
more, most, enough, few, less, much, either, neither, several,
all, both, each |
|
Possessive
Pronouns |
| |
Determiner
Function |
Nominal
Function |
| First-Person |
| singular |
my |
mine |
| plural |
our |
ours |
| Second-Person |
| singular |
your |
yours |
| plural |
| Third-Person |
| singular |
masculine |
his |
| feminine |
her |
hers |
| neuter |
its |
| plural |
their |
theirs |
Determiners
|
Main
Groups of Determiners |
|
Articles |
a/an,
the
Note:
the is a definite article
a/an is an indefinite article |
|
Demonstratives |
this,
these, that, those |
|
Possessives |
my,
our, your, his, her, its, their |
|
Indefinites |
some,
any, no, every, other, another, many, more, most, enough, few,
less, much, either, neither, several, all, both, each |
|
Cardinal
Numbers |
one,
two, three, four...... |
|
Ordinal
Numbers |
first,
second, third, .....last |
Auxiliary
Verbs
|
Auxiliary
Verb Forms |
|
Modal
Auxiliaries |
Have |
Be |
Do |
|
can
could
will
would
shall
should
may
might
must |
have
has
had
having |
am
is
are
was
were
been
being |
do
does
did
done
doing |
Qualifiers
|
Example
of Qualifiers |
| very |
so |
pretty |
| quite |
just |
even |
| rather |
enough |
a
bit |
| somewhat |
still |
a
little |
| more |
almost |
a
(whole) lot |
| most |
fairly |
a
good deal |
| less |
really |
a
great deal |
| least |
|
kind
of |
| too |
|
sort
of |
Prepositions
|
Common
Prepositions |
| Simple
Prepositions |
| about |
besides |
into |
since |
| above |
between |
like |
through |
| across |
beyond |
near |
throughout |
| after |
but
(= except) |
of |
to |
| against |
by |
off |
toward(s) |
| along |
concerning |
on |
under |
| among |
despite |
onto |
underneath |
| around |
down |
opposite |
until
(till) |
| as |
during |
out |
unto |
| at |
except |
outside |
up |
| before |
for |
over |
upon |
| behind |
from |
past |
via |
| below |
in |
pending |
with |
| beneath |
including |
regarding |
within |
| beside |
inside |
round |
without |
| Phrasal
Prepositions |
| according
to |
due
to |
in
view of |
| across
from |
except
for |
inside
of |
| alongside
of |
for
the sake of |
instead
of |
| along
with |
in
accordance with |
off
of |
| apart
from |
in
addition to |
on
account of |
| aside
from |
in
back of |
on
behold of |
| away
from |
in
case of |
on
top of |
| because
of |
in
connection with |
out
of |
| by
means of |
in
front of |
outside
of |
| by
reason of |
in
place of |
regardless
of |
| by
virtue of |
in
reference to |
short
of |
| by
way of |
in
regard to |
together
with |
| down
from |
in
spite of |
up
to |
Conjunctions
| Coordinating
Conjunctions |
and,
but, or, nor, yet, for, so |
Punctuate
with a comma:
Either the
teacher is late, or we are early.
(2 independent clauses) |
| Correlative
Conjunctions |
both
... and,
either ... or, neither ... nor, not only ... but also |
| Conjunctive
Adverbs |
| Contrast,
opposition |
however,
instead, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, still,
anyway |
Punctuate
with a semicolon or period. Set off the conjunctive adverb with a
comma, or with a pair of commas if it is inside its clause:
Ted spoke;
however, no one listed.
Ted spoke. However, no one listened.
Ted spoke. No one, however, listed. |
| Addition |
also,
besides, furthermore, in addition, in fact, moreover |
| Cause
and effect, conclusion |
accordingly,
as a result, consequently, hence, so, therefore, this |
| Example,
restatement |
for
example, for instance, namely, that is |
| Comparison |
as ... as,
more than, less than, than |
Interrogatives
|
Interrogatives |
|
who,
whom, whose, which, what, where, why, when, how |
Relatives
|
Relatives |
| Pronominal
relatives |
who,
whom, whose, which, that |
| Adverbial
relatives |
where,
whey, why |
|
