This figure appears at the front of D.G. Beers' 1875 Atlas of Madison County and shows many of the details of the highway and railroad networks as well as waterways in a very accurate form.  These details are compiled from the larger scale maps of each individual town within the atlas.  This atlas is one of many that were made for public sale in the mid to late 19h centuries and they are available (from a variety of publishers) for nearly all sates and counties that were part of the Union at that time.  The Beers Madison County Atlas of 1875 is unfortunately not as ornate or detailed as some others which can have detailed illustrations of residences, farms, or industries, and many included histories of the townships and communities.