Home  
  About this site  
  Apologetic   
 Belief  
 Testimonies 
 Hot Links 
  Contact Me 

 

Apologetic

Are there contradictions in the Quran?

 

Muslims apologists cannot explain the many external contradictions found in Quran when compared to the Holy Bible. In order to defend the Quran from falsehood, Muslims claimed that the Bible is corrupt. On whose authority did Muslims accuse that the Bible is corrupt? One cannot find any concrete evidence in the Quran to reprove the Bible. The common method is to turn to the Bible, find some verses that are vague and quote it out of context or twist it to the understanding of one's unspiritual mind. Things which the Holy Ghost teaches are known only to the believers who received the Spirit of God (1 Corinthians 2:12-14 KJV). By accusing the Bible is corrupt, is in fact implying that the Quran is wrong. Because Quran itself never refutes the Bible but always says "confirming" that which was revealed before it and repeating the word "confirming" in at least 3 clear verses of the Quran. 

If the Bible is not in truth, then Quran which says "confirming" (present continuous tense) and not "confirmed" (past tense) that which was revealed before it, is an error in its own statement. Thus Quran is proven to be false by what it says about the Torah (first 5 books of the Old Testament namely Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deutronomy) and the Gospel (first 4 books of the New Testament) in the Bible. Is there any evidence to support this allegation? Sura 3:3 (Pickthall) says "He hath revealed unto thee (Muhammad) the Scripture with truth, confirming that which was (revealed) before it, even as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel". Then Sura 5:48 says, "And unto thee have We revealed the Scripture with the truth, confirming whatever Scripture was before it, and a watcher over it. So judge between them by that which Allah hath revealed, and follow not their desires away from the truth which hath come unto thee..."  Furthermore Sura 2:41 says, "And believe in that which I reveal, confirming that which ye possess already (of the Scripture), and be not first to disbelieve therein, and part not with My revelations for a trifling price, and keep your duty unto Me."

Although there are seemingly contradictions found in Quran, it does not mean Quran is all wrong. It is uniquely the words of Allah and not of Jehovah. Quran claims to confirm the truth revealed before it, i.e. the Bible. But it contradicts with the centre belief of Christainity, i.e., the trinity God. The Bible has the authority to reprove and correct the wrong doctrines because its manuscripts were written about 515 years earlier than Quran. The Bible (2 Timothy 3:16) says, "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness." However, we do not find any words in Quran that it is profitable "for reproof or for correction of doctrines". As such, it never meant to correct the Bible. Any quranic verses that contradicts with the Bible should be discarded or let it be utterly abrogated. Only Quran teaches about abrogation of the words of Allah: Sura 2:106 says "Such of Our revelations as We abrogate or cause to be forgotten, We substitute one better or similar: Knowest thou not that Allah Hath power over all things?"

Let us also examine the Quran for internal contradictions. What is the consequence if there is much internal contradiction in the Quran? Let Quran answers it: Sura 4:82 says "Do they not consider the Qur'an (with care)? Had it been from other Than Allah, they would surely have found therein Much discrepancy." (Yusuf Ali). So if there is much discrepancy in Quran, surely it is not from Allah. We will accept it as the truth if it confirms with the doctrines in the Bible as what it originally meant to be. 

 

Internal Contradictions in the Quran

  1. Worship the Same or a Different God?
  2. Could Allah have a son?
  3. Did Jesus Die already?
  4. Will Jesus burn in Hell?
  5. Is there marriage in Heaven?
  6. Will all Christians go to hell?
  7. How should Jews and Christians be treated?
  8. Which was created first, heaven or earth?
  9. Will Allah forgive shirk or anything?
  10. How many angels fought for Muhammad?
  11. How long did it take to create the heavens and the earth?
  12. What was man created from?
  13. Is Allah merciful?
  14. Does Allah make distinctions between His messengers?
  15. Who was the first Muslim?
  16. Did one of Noah's sons die in the flood?
  17. When did the people repent for worshiping the golden calf?
  18. Can a man treat his wives fairly?
  19. Who bring the Revelation from Allah to Muhammad?
  20. Disbelievers: To be persecuted or forgiven?
  21. What is Allah's advice to propagate Islam?
  22. Have some passages in the Quran been abrogated?
  23. How many angels spoke to Mary?
  24. Who can attain salvation?
  25. How long is Allah's day?
  26. Who chooses the devils to be friends of unbelievers?
  27. Was Jonah cast on the desert shore or was he not?
  28. Can angels disobey?
  29. How many days did Allah need to destroy the people of Aad?
  30. God needs man or man needs God?

Quran Contradictions: Self-contradictory

1) Worshiping the Same or a Different God?

Different Same
109:1-6
Say: O disbelievers! I worship not that which ye worship; Nor worship ye that which I worship. And I shall not worship that which ye worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. Unto you your religion, and unto me my religion  (Pikthall)
 
16:35
And the idolaters say: Had Allah willed, we had not worshipped aught beside Him, we and our fathers, nor had we forbidden aught without (command from) Him. Even so did those before them. Are the messengers charged with aught save plain conveyance (of the message)? {Idolaters worship Allah!}
2:139
Say (unto the People of the Scripture): Dispute ye with us concerning Allah when He is our Lord and your Lord? Ours are our works and yours your works. We look to Him alone. ( Pikthall)
 
2:62
Lo! those who believe (in that which is revealed unto thee, Muhammad), and those who are Jews, and Christians, and Sabaeans whoever believeth in Allah and the Last Day and doeth right surely their reward is with their Lord, and there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.

Top

2) Could Allah have a son?

Yes

No
39:4
If Allah had willed to choose a son, he could have chosen what he would of that which He hath created. Be He glorified! He is Allah, the One, the Absolute.
 
3:47
She said: My Lord! How can I have a child when no mortal hath touched me? He said: So (it will be). Allah createth what He will. if He decreeth a thing, He saith unto it only: Be! and it is.
6:101
The Originator of the heavens and the earth! How can He have a child, when there is for Him no consort, when He created all things and is Aware of all things?
 
2:116
And they say: Allah hath taken unto Himself a Son. Be He glorified! Nay, but whatsoever is in the heaven and the earth, His. All are subservient unto Him.

Top

3) Did Jesus Die already?

Yes No
5:75
The Messiah, son of Mary, was no other than a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) had passed away before him. And his mother was a saintly woman. And they both used to eat (earthly) food. See how we make the revelations clear for them, and see how they are turned away! (3:144 -- Muhammad as messenger died too)
4:158
But Allah took him up {alive} unto Himself. Allah was ever Mighty, wise.
 

Top

4) Will Jesus burn in Hell?

Yes No
4:166
Lo! Allah pardoneth not that partners should be ascribed unto Him. {shirk}
 
21:98
Lo! ye (idolaters) and that which ye worship beside Allah are fuel of hell. Thereunto ye will come.
 
 
 
3:45
(And remember) when the angels said: O Mary! Allah giveth thee glad tidings of a word from Him, whose name is the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, illustrious in the world and the Hereafter, and one of those brought near (unto Allah).
 
4:158
But Allah took him up (alive) unto Himself. Allah was ever Mighty, wise.

Top

5) Is there marriage in heaven?

Yes No
44:54
Even so (it will be), we shall wed  them unto fair ones with wide, lovely eyes.
72:3
And (We believe) that He, exalted be the glory of our Lord! hath take neither wife nor son. {Comments: As there is neither wife nor son in heaven, how can there be marriage? "Matthew 22:30 says, For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven." }

Top

6) Will all Jews and Christians go to hell ?

Yes, all Christians will go to hell. No, some will not.
3:85
Whoso seeketh as religion other than the Surrender (to Allah) it will not be accepted from him, and he will be a loser in the Hereafter.
 
5:72
They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. ... Lo! whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, for him Allah hath forbidden paradise. His abode is the Fire. For evil-doers there will be no helpers.
2:62
Those who are Jews, and Christians, and Sabaeans - whoever believeth in Allah and the Last Day and doeth right - surely their reward is with their Lord, and there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.
 
5:69
Lo! those who believe, and those who are Jews, and Sabaeans, and Christians - Whosoever believeth in Allah and the Last Day and doeth right - there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.

Top

7) How should Jews and Christians be treated?

With kindness and patience. By Fighting against them.
2:109
Many of the people of the Scripture long to make you disbelievers.... Forgive and be indulgent (toward them) until Allah give command.
9:29
Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah.

Top

8) Which was created first, heaven or earth ?

Heaven Earth
79:27-30
Are ye the harder to create, or is the heaven that He built? He raised the height thereof and ordered it; And He made dark the night thereof, and He brought forth the morn thereof. And after that He spread the earth.... 
2:29
He it is Who created for you all that is in the earth. Then turned He to the heaven, and fashioned it as seven heavens.
 
41:9-12
Say (O Muhammad, unto the idolaters): Disbelieve ye verily in Him Who created the earth in two Days ... Then turned He to the heaven ... Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days ....

Top

9) Will Allah forgive anyone for shirk or anything?

Yes, Allah will forgive those who seek pardon. No, there are some things and some people that he will never forgive.
4:110
Yet whoso doeth evil or wrongeth his own soul, then seeketh pardon of Allah, will find Allah Forgiving, Merciful.
 
 
4:153
The People of the Scripture ask of thee that thou shouldst cause an (actual) Book to descend upon them from heaven. They asked a greater thing of Moses aforetime, for they said: Show us Allah plainly. The storm of lightning seized them for their wickedness. Then (even after that) they chose the calf (for worship) after clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty) had come unto them. And We forgave them that! And We bestowed on Moses evident authority.
 
25:68-71
And those who cry not unto any other god along with Allah, nor take the life which Allah hath forbidden save in (course of) justice, nor commit adultery and whoso doeth this shall pay the penalty; The doom will be doubled for him on the Day of Resurrection, and he will abide therein disdained for ever; Save him who repenteth and believeth and doth righteous work; as for such, Allah will change their evil deeds to good deeds. Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful. And whosoever repenteth and doeth good, he verily repenteth toward Allah with true repentance.
4:48
Lo! Allah forgiveth not that a partner should be ascribed unto Him.
 
4:116
Lo! Allah pardoneth not that partners should be ascribed unto Him.
 
4:137
Those who believe, then disbelieve and then (again) believe, then disbelieve, and then increase in disbelief, Allah will never pardon them.
 
4:168
Those who disbelieve and deal in wrong, Allah will never forgive them.
 
9:80
Ask forgiveness for them (O Muhammad), or ask not forgiveness for them; though thou ask forgiveness for them seventy times Allah will not forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger.
 
47:34
Those who disbelieve and turn from the way of Allah and then die disbelievers, Allah surely will not pardon them.
 
63:3-6
They believed, then disbelieved, therefore their hearts are sealed so that they understand not. ... Whether thou ask forgiveness for them or ask not forgiveness for them is all one for them; Allah will not forgive them.

Top

10) How many angels fought for Muhammad?

Three thousand. Five thousand.
3:124
When thou didst say unto the believers: Is it not sufficient for you that your Lord should support you with three thousand angels sent down (to your help)?
8:9
When ye sought help of your Lord and He answered you (saying): I will help you with a thousand of the angels, rank on rank.

Top

11) How long did it take to create the heavens and the earth?

Six Days Eight Days
7:54
Lo! your Lord is Allah Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days.
 
10:3
Lo! your Lord is Allah Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days.
 
11:7
And He it is Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days.
 
50:38
We created the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them, in six Days.
 
57:4
He it is Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days.
41:9-12
Say (O Muhammad, unto the idolaters): Disbelieve ye verily in Him Who created the earth in two Days ... He placed therein firm hills rising above it, and blessed it and measured therein its sustenance in four Days ... Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days....

Top

12) What was man created from ?

Water A Clot Clay or Mud Dust
25:54
And He it is Who hath created man from water...

 

24:45
Allah hath created every animal of water.
96:1-2
In the name of thy Lord Who createth ... man from a clot.
15:26
We created man of potter's clay of black mud altered....
 
32:7
He began the creation of man from clay.
 
38:71
When thy Lord said unto the angels: Lo! I am about to create a mortal out of mire.
 
55:14
He created man of clay like the potter's.
30:20
And of His signs is this: He created you of dust, and behold you human beings, ranging widely!
 
35:11
Allah created you from dust....

Top

13) Is Allah kind and merciful ?

Yes No
1:1,3,163
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.
 
2:37, 54
He is the relenting, the Merciful.
 
2:128
Thou, only Thou, art the Relenting, the Merciful.
 
2:143
For Allah is Full of Pity, Merciful toward mankind.
 
2:160
I am the Relenting, the Merciful.
 
2:173, 182, 192, 199, 218
Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
2:7
Allah hath sealed their hearing and their hearts, and on their eyes there is a covering.
 
2:17
Allah taketh away their light and leaveth them in darkness, where they cannot see.
 
4:56
Those who disbelieve Our revelations, We shall expose them to the Fire. As often as their skins are consumed We shall exchange them for fresh skins that they may taste the torment.
 
4:168-9
Lo! those who disbelieve and deal wrong, Allah will never forgive them, neither will He guide them unto a road, Except the road of hell, wherein they will abide for ever. And that is ever easy for Allah.
 
5:33
The only reward of those who make war upon Allah and His messenger and strive after corruption in the land will be that they will be killed or crucified, or have their hands and feet on alternate sides cut off, or will be expelled out of the land. Such will be their degradation in the world, and in the Hereafter theirs will be an awful doom.
 
7:50
And the dwellers of the Fire cry out unto the dwellers of the Garden: Pour on us some water or some wherewith Allah hath provided you. They say: Lo! Allah hath forbidden both to disbelievers (in His guidance).

Top

14) Does Allah make distinctions between His messengers?

Yes. No.
2:253
Of those messengers, some of whom We have caused to excel others, and of whom there are some unto whom Allah spake, while some of them He exalted (above others) in degree.
2:285
We make no distinction between any of His messengers.

Top

15) Who was the first Muslim ?

Abraham/Jacob. Moses. Muhammad.
2:132
The same did Abraham enjoin upon his sons, and also Jacob, (saying): O my sons! Lo! Allah hath chosen for you the (true) religion; therefore die not save as men who have surrendered (unto Him).
7:143
And Moses fell down senseless. And when he woke he said: Glory unto Thee! I turn unto Thee repentant, and I am the first of (true) believers.
39:12
And I [Muhammad] am commanded to be the first of those who are muslims (surrender unto Him).

Top

16) Did one of Noah's sons die in the flood?

Yes No
11:42-43
Noah cried unto his son and he was standing aloof - O my son! Come ride with us, and be not with the disbelievers. He said: I shall betake me to some mountain that will save me from the water. (Noah) said: This day there is none that saveth from the commandment of Allah save him on whom He hath had mercy. And the wave came in between them, so he was among the drowned.
21:76
And Noah, when he cried of old, We heard his prayer and saved him and his household from the great affliction.
 
37:75-77
And Noah verily prayed unto Us, and gracious was the Hearer of his prayer. And We saved him and his household from the great distress, And made his seed the survivors.

Top

 

17) When did the people repent for worshiping the golden calf ?

Before Moses returned. After Moses returned.
7:148-150
And the folk of Moses, after (he left them), chose a calf (for worship), (made) out of their ornaments, of saffron hue, which gave a lowing sound. Saw they not that it spake not unto them nor guided them to any way? They chose it, and became wrong-doers. And when they feared the consequences thereof and saw that they had gone astray, they said: Unless our Lord have mercy on us and forgive us, we verily are of the lost. And when Moses returned unto his people....
20:88-91
Then he produced for them a calf, of saffron hue, which gave forth a lowing sound. And they cried: This is your god and the god of Moses, but he hath forgotten. See they not, then, that it returneth no saying unto them and possesseth for them neither hurt nor use? And Aaron indeed had told them beforehand: O my people! Ye are but being seduced therewith, for lo! your Lord is the Beneficent, so follow me and obey my order. They said: We shall by no means cease to be its votaries till Moses return unto us.

Top

18) Can a man treat his wives fairly?

Yes, it is possible. No, you will not be able to do so.
4:3
Marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess.
4:129
Ye will not be able to deal equally between (your) wives, however much ye wish (to do so).

Top

19) Who brings the Revelation from Allah to Muhammad?

Angel Gabriel Holy Spirit
2:97
Say (O Muhammad, to mankind): Who is an enemy to Gabriel! For he it is who bath revealed (this Scripture) to thy heart by Allah's leave, confirming that which was (revealed) before it, and a guidance and glad tidings to believers
16:102
Say: The holy Spirit hath revealed it from thy Lord with truth, that it may confirm (the faith of) those who believe, and as guidance and good tidings for those who have surrendered (to Allah).

Top

20) Disbelievers: To be persecuted or forgiven?

Persecuted Forgiven
9:29
"Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which has been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth ....."
45:14
"Tell those who believe, to forgive those who do not hope for the Days of Allah; It is for Him to recompense (for good or evil) each people according to what they have earned"

Top

21) What is Allah's Advice to propagate Islam ?

Convey message Fight them
3:20
"So if they dispute thee, say: "I have permitted my whole self to Allah and so have those who follow me"..... "Do you (also) submit yourselves? If they do, they are in right guidance. But if they turn back, thy duty is to convey the message. And in Allah's sight are (all) His servants"
8:38-39
"Say to the Unbelievers, if (now) they desist (from disbelief), their past would be forgiven; but if they persist, the punishment of those before them is already (a matter of warning to them). And fight them on until there is no more persecution and the religion becomes Allah's in its entirety..."

Top

22) Have some passages in the Quran been abrogated ?

No, Quran is perfect and can never be abrogated. Yes, some verses have been abrogated.
6:34
There is none to alter the decisions of Allah.
 
6:115
Perfected is the Word of thy Lord in truth and justice. There is naught that can change His words.
 
10:64
There is no changing the Words of Allah.
 
18:27
And recite that which hath been revealed unto thee of the Scripture of thy Lord. There is none who can change His words.
2:106
Such of Our revelations as We abrogate or cause to be forgotten, we bring (in place) one better or the like thereof. Knowest thou not that Allah is Able to do all things? (Pikthall)
 
16:101
And when We put a revelation in place of (another) revelation, - and Allah knoweth best what He revealeth - they say: Lo! thou art but inventing. Most of them know not.

Top

23) How many angels talked to Mary?

One More than one
19: 16-19
And make mention of Mary in the Scripture, when she had withdrawn from her people to a chamber looking East, And had chosen seclusion from them. Then We sent unto her Our Spirit and it assumed for her the likeness of a perfect man. She said: Lo! I seek refuge in the Beneficent One from thee, if thou art God- fearing. He said: I am only a messenger of thy Lord, that I may bestow on thee a faultless son.
3: 42
And when the angels said: O Mary! Lo! Allah hath chosen thee and made thee pure, and hath preferred thee above (all) the women of creation.
 
 
3: 45
(And remember) when the angels said: O Mary! Lo! Allah giveth thee glad tidings of a word from him, whose name is the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, illustrious in the world and the Hereafter, and one of those brought near (unto Allah).

Top

24) Who will attain salvation ?

By Allah's will By Deeds or Works
28:68
Thy Lord bringeth to pass what He willeth and chooseth. They have never any choice. Glorified be Allah and exalted above all that they associate (with Him)!
 
5:40
Knowest thou not that unto Allah belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth? He punisheth whom He will, and forgiveth whom He will. Allah is Able to do all things. {He punisheth not because of one's bad deeds but whom He will}
23:102-104
Then those whose balance (of good deeds) is heavy,- they will attain salvation: But those whose balance is light, will be those who have lost their souls, in Hell will they abide. The Fire will burn their faces, and they will therein grin, with their lips displaced. (Yusuf Ali)

 

28:67
But as for him who shall repent and believe and do right, he haply may be one of the successful. (Pikthall)

Top

25) How long is Allah's day ?

1,000 years. 50,000 years.
22:47
A Day with Allah is as a thousand years of what ye reckon.
 
32:5
He directeth the ordinance from the heaven unto the earth; then it ascendeth unto Him in a Day, whereof the measure is a thousand years of that ye reckon.
70:4
Unto Him in a Day whereof the span is fifty thousand years.

Top

26) Who chooses the devils to be the friends of disbelievers ?

Allah The disbelievers
7:27
We have made the devils protecting friends for those who believe not.
7:30
A party hath He led aright, while error hath just hold over (another) party, for lo! they choose the devils for protecting supporters instead of Allah and deem that they are rightly guided

Top

27) Was Jonah cast on the desert shore or was he not?

Desert Shore Naked Shore
37:145
"Then We cast him on a desert shore while he was sick"
68: 49
"Had not Grace from his Lord reached him, he would indeed have been cast off on the naked shore while he was reprobate."

Top

28) Can angels disobey?

No Yes
16:49-50
No angel is arrogant, they all obey Allah
2:34 
"And behold, we said to the ANGELS: 'Bow down to Adam'. And THEY bowed down, except IBLIS. He refused and was haughty." {Comments: If Iblis is not an angel, then why compared to angels? Sura 51:56 says "I have only created Jinns (angels) and men, that they may serve me." But Iblis was haughty and refused to obey Allah! }

Top

29) How many days did Allah need to destroy the people of Aad?

One day Several days
54:19
For We sent against them a furious wind, on a Day of violent Disaster
41:16
So We sent against them a furious Wind through days of disaster, that We might give them a taste of a Penalty of humiliation in this life; but the Penalty of a Hereafter will be more humiliating still: and they will find no help.
 
69:6-7
And the 'Ad, they were destroyed by a furious Wind, exceedingly violent; He made it rage against them seven nights and eight days in succession: so that thou couldst see the (whole) people lying prostrate in its (path), as they had been roots of hollow palm-trees tumbled down!

Top

30) God needs man or man needs God?

God's Man's needs
51:56
I have only created Jinns (angels) and men, that they may serve me"
35:15
O mankind! It is you that have need of God: but God is the One Free of all wants, worthy of all praise" 

Top

 

Other References:

Errors in the Quran by http://www.souldevice.org/quran2.htm

Contradictions in Quran by http://www.answering-islam.org/Quran/Contra/index.html

Some samples of Quranic contradictions for you by- Syed Kamran Mirza http://humanists.net/avijit/article/mirza_contradiction.htm

 

Other Articles of Interest:

a) Christian Views - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Did Jesus exist?

Is Jesus Divine or God? (Size: 371.1KB)

Is Bible the Word of God? (Size: 47.4KB)

Salvation Plan of God

 

b) Muslims Views - FAQ

Life history of Muhammad

What Indeed Jesus said?

Is Jesus the Son of God? (Size: 374.8KB)

 

c) Christianity & Islam Views

Is Jesus Son of God? And Is He the all-powerful God?

Is Trinity Concept Biblical?

Is there original Sin?

Is Muhammad a true prophet of God?

Is Allah not the same GOD of the Bible?

Is the Holy Bible truly corrupted as commonly claimed by Muslims?

Is Pauline doctrine in conformity with Jesus' Gospel?

Are there contradictions in Quran?

Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus

Fundamental beliefs of Christianity and Islam

Gospel of Barnabas -- Is it a Gospel to prove that Quran or Bible is in error?

Why Muslims should not believe Gospel of Barnabas?

Is the Holy Bible from inspiration or from revelation?

 

Disclaimer: The information on this website is the sole opinion of the webmaster but are not extended to the links expressly stated which is given for easy reference. If you find the material offensive, kindly email to me and state your case based on sound argument.

 

 

 

|  Home | About this site | Apologetic | Belief | TestimoniesHot Links | Contact Me |

 

Copyright © 2005 Gospel of Truth
All rights reserved