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9-Bhavishya Puraan - 2-Madhyam Parv (2-3)

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2-Yagya
9-Bhavishya Puraan, 2-Madhyam Parv, p 243-270

This section, Madhyam Parv is on p 223-270, and is divided into three parts. It covers the description of Universe, Poort Karm, Yagya, Pratishthaa method of various Devtaa. It also covers Time, Daan, Praayashchit etc topics also.

Yagya

(Chap 1-) Shree Soot Jee said - "Now I will tell you about Yagya Mandal. Wise man should measure the Mandal with his arms and adorn it with red color. It should not be made a lower Braahman or Shoodra. Kraunch bird is of three types. Its seeing destroys the sins committed in hundreds of lives. If one sees peacock, bull, lion, Kraunch or monkey in the house, or in the farm, or on tree, he should greet him. By doing this his hundreds of sins are destroyed. Peacock is the form of Brahmaa, bull is the form of Shiv, lion is the form of Durgaa, Kraunch is the form of Naaraayan, and the big lion is the form of Tripursundaree Lakshmee. If one sees them after taking bath, one's Grah bad effects are corrected.

Dakshinaa
(Chap 3-5) Soot Jee said - "One should never do Shaastra prescribed Yagya without Dakshinaa and without measurement. Such Yagya is never fruitful. 

80 Varaat (shells) = 1 Pan
16 Pan = 1 Puraan
7 Puraan = 1 Silver coin
8 Silver coins = 1 Gold coin or otherwise called Nishk

While doing Yagya to plant large gardens, 2 gold coins were given as Dakshinaa, in digging well 1/2 gold coin was given as Dakshinaa. In Tulasee or Aamalaa Yagya, 1 gold coin was given as Dakshinaa. In Laksh Hom, it was 4 gold coins; in Koti Hom or building a temple, it was 18 gold coins. While for Deekshaa, Gayaa Shraaddh one should give according to one's capacity. When one listens to Mahaabhaarat, he should give 80 Rattee gold (8 Maashaa or approximately 9+ grams). While pacifying planets, or Pratishthaa Karm, or Laksh Yagya, one should give 100 Rattee (12.5 Maashaa or 1+ Tolaa or 11 and 1/2 grams) gold as Dakshinaa. If somebody is unable to give the prescribed Dakshinaa, one can give Devtaa idol, book, gems, cow, grains, sesame seeds, Rudraaksh, fruits and flowers etc also to Braahman.

In Kaamya Havan, it is prescribed to give 1 Mushtik (whatever one hand can hold) Ann.
8 Mushtik Ann = 1 Kunchikaa

With this measurement one should make Poorn Paatra and keep them on door. 

Note - This chapter of Bhavishya Puraan is very important with the viewpoint of history, as there is only source for Bhaarat's old currency and wages, that is Kautilya's "Arthshaastra" and Shukra Neeti. No other Puraan or scripture mentions these things. Gita Press, Gorakhpur has published "Marxvaad Aur Raamraajya" on this issue.

Now I tell you about Kalash. Kalash is not complete by filling only water, one has to invite, establish and worship Devtaa in it. Kalsh can be made of gold, silver, copper, or clay. One should keep banyan, or Bilva tree leaves on it. (In modern times, mango, Peepal, banyan, Pluksh, Goolar - these Panch Patra - leaves are used for this purpose.) Kalash should be new, beautiful, without hole, and full of water. They should be established near Devtaa where their worship place is.

Types of Months

Soot Jee said - "There are four types of Maas (month) - Chaandra (Lunar), Saur (Solar), Saavan, and Naakshatra (consteller) -

From Shukla Pratipadaa to Amaavasyaa is called Chaandra Maas.
From one Sankraanti to another sankraanti is called Saur Maas.
Complete 30 days make a Saavan Maas.
From Ashwinee Nakshatra to Revatee Nakshatra is called Naakshatra Maas.

From one sunrise to another sunrise is called Saavan day.
Whatever time takes Chandramaa (Moon) in one Tithi, is called Chaandra day.
1/30 part of a Zodiac Sign is called Saur (Solar) day.
One day and one night combined is called one Ahoraatra.

From any Tithi to the Tithi that falls after 30 days, is called Saavan Maas. While doing Praayashchit, Annpraashan (see Sanskaar), Mantra worship, in day-to-day affair, counting days etc this month is useful. Saur Maas is useful in marriage ceremony, Yagya, Vrat, Snaan etc. Chaandra Maas is used in doing Ashtakaa Shraaddh, normal Shraaddh, and other religious Karm. Whatever Karm are prescribed in Chaitra or Vaishaakh Maas etc, they all should be done according to Chaandra Maas. Pitar Karm should be done according to Naakshatra Maas. When Chitraa Nakshatra falls on a Poornimaa, it is called Chaitree Poornimaa, and the month related to it is called Chaitra. Thus Chaitra etc 12 months are according to the Nakshatra falling on Poornimaa. In whichever there is no Poornimaa, that month is not good for people and animals.

Mal Maas

(Chap 6) Soorya and Chandramaa, both enjoy one Tithi. In whichever 30 days there is no Sankraman, that month is called "Mal Maas" or "Purushottam Maas" or "Adhik Maas". There is no Soorya Sankraanti in that Month. This type of month falls often after 32 months. In this month all Pret Karm and Sa-Pindan Karm can be done, but marriage Yagya and other auspicious Karm are prohibited. This month is good for Teerth Snaan, visiting temples, Vrat, fast, Punsavan Sanskaar etc. In the same way while Shukra (Venus) has set, these Karm can be done. Crowning ceremony may also be performed.

Beginning of any fast, Pratishthaa, Choodaakarm, upanayan, Mantra worship, marriage, building a new house, entering the new house, Teerth Yaatraa (pilgrimage), Abhishek Karm, second coming of the girl from her in-law's house, Yagya - all are prohibited in this month as well during the period while Shukra has set.

In the same way, all those Karm which are prohibited in Mal Maas should not be done when Guru (Jupiter) has set, or Soorya is in Sinh (Leo) sign. When Soorya enters Kark Raashi (Cancer sign - on July Sankraanti), Bhagavaan sleeps; and when Soorya enters Tulaa Raashi (Libra sign - on October Sankraanti), Bhagavaan wakes up.

Kaal Division and Tithi

(Chap 7-8) Soot Jee said - "O Braahman, Since all Dev Karm and Pitar Karm are done on the basis of Kaal (Time), and Karm also give desired results done on the basis of Kaal, I now tell you about the division of Kaal. Results cannot be achieved for any Karm done in three Lok and three times if done without considering Kaal. Although Kaal is one in its abstract form and is another form of Bhagavaan, still we distribute it in many forms. Tithi, Nakshatra, days, day and night, fortnight, month year etc all are his parts only and only they are the basis of Karm. Nobody is independent of Kaal to do any Karm. The gate to Dharm and A-Dharm is Kaal only. Specific days are assigned for doing or not doing specific Karm.

One should do all Vaidik Karm in the early part of the Tithi. Brahmaa Jee has prescribed early part of the Tithi for Devtaa and later part to Pitar, so one should worship Devtaa in the beginning of the Tithi. Tithi are of three types - Kharvaa, Darpaa, Hinstraa. Whichever Tithi is Langhit (crossing over) is called Kharvaa; whichever Tithi is Vriddhi (increasing) is called Darpaa; and whichever Tithi is Haani (less) is called Hinstraa. Among them Kharvaa and Darpaa should be taken the later one and Hinstraa should be taken the earlier one. In Shukla Paksh, one should take Paraa Tithi, and in Krishn Paksh one should take Poorvaa Tithi.

Soorya rises in whichever Tithi in Shukla Paksh, that Tithi is considered good for Snaan and Daan (donation) and study; while Soorya sets in whichever Tithi in Krishn Paksh, that Tithi is considered auspicious to do Karm related to Pitar. If at the time of Sorrya setting, Soorya stays up to 10 Ghadee (240 minutes = 4 hours), then that Tithi should be considered as Day-Night. In Shukla or Krishn Paksh, if Soorya stays beyond the end of Kharvaa or Darpaa Tithi, then the same Tithi should be taken in Pitar Karm. If Dwiteeya is with Triteeyaa; or Chaturthee is with Panchamee, then these Tithi are considered auspicious; while if they are opposite then they decrease Punya. If Shashthee is with Panchamee; or Ashtamee is with Saptamee; or Dashamee is with Ekaadashee, Trayodashee is with Chaturdashee; or Chaturdashee is with Amaavasyaa - one should not keep fast on these days, they destroy sons and wealth. Whoever is without son and wife, has no right to do Yagya."

Soot Jee said - "Now I tell you auspicious Tithi told by Brahmaa Jee. 

--Aashwin, Kaartik, Maagh and Chaitra months are auspicious for Snaan, Daan for Shiv and Vishnu, as they give 10 times more fruit in these months. 
--By doing Havan and Yagya for Agni Dev on Pratipadaa Tithi, one gets all kinds of desired wealth.
--By worshipping Agni Dev and keeping Nakt Vrat on Dwiteeyaa Tithi one gets desired prosperity, if falling on Thursday.
--Whoever woman worships Vishnu after keeping fast on any Dwiteeyaa falling in while Soorya in Mithun (Gemini, or Aashaadh month) and  Kark Raashi (Cancer, or Shraavan Month), never becomes widow.
--One should worship Lakshmee Naaraayan on Shraavan Krishn Dwiteeyaa (A-Shoonya Shayan Dwiteeyaa) - by keeping fast on this day husband and wife do not get separated.
--Who takes bath in Gangaa River on Vaishaakh Shukla Teej (Akshaya Teej) becomes free from all sins.
--If Vaishaakh Triteeyaa is with Swaati Nakshatra; Maagh Triteeyaa is with Rohinee Nakshatra; and Aashwin Triteeyaa is with Vrish Raashi (Taurus sign); then whatever Daan is given in these Tithi is eternal. One should donate especially Havishyaann and Modak (Laddoo) and water mixed with jaggery and Karpoor (Camphor) on these days.
--If there is Triteeyaa with Shravan Nakshatra, falling on Wednesday, its fast and Snaan give immeasurable fruit.
--By worshipping Yam Dev on a Chaturthee with Bharanee Nakshatra frees from all sins.
--Bhaadrapd Shukla Chaturthee (Ganesh Chauth) is worshipped in Shiv Lok.
--If any eclipse falls in Kaartik or Maagh months, one should do Snaan, Jap, Tap, Daan, fasting, and Shraaddh. They give immeasurable fruits.
--One should worship Ganesh Jee with Modak on Chaturthee to remove all hurdles.
--On Shraavan Krishn Panchamee, one should worship Manasaa Devee with Neem leaves. This makes one fearless from Naag.
--On Shraavan Shukla Panchamee, one should draw Naag figures with cow dung on both sides of the door and worship them with milk, yogurt, Sindoor, sandal, incense etc. This worship makes a family fearless and protects life.
--By taking bath and giving Daan on Bhaadrapad Shashthee, one gets lot of Punya.
--If a Sankraanti falls on Shukla Saptamee, it is called Mahaajayaa or Sooryapriyaa.
--Bhaadrapad Saptamee is called Aparaajitaa.
--if any Shashthee or Saptamee falls on Sunday, it is called Lalitaa and increases sons and grandsons.

Devee Worship -
--One should worship 18-armed Devee on Aashwin and Kaartik Shukla Ashtamee.
--One should worship Chandikaa Devee in the morning, and do Abhishek in the night, on Aashaadh and Shraavan Shukla Ashtamee.
--One should worship Bhagavatee Devee on Chaitra Shukla Ashtamee.
--If an Ashtamee with Rohinee Nakshtra falls on Sinh (Leo) Sankraanti, or in Shraavan month, it is an auspicious day.
--One should worship Devee on Navamee in every month.

--Who eats Saatwik food on Kaartik Shukla Dashamee, goes to Brahm Lok.
--Jyeshth Shukla Dashamee is called Gangaa Dashaharaa.
--Aaswin Shukla Dashamee is called Vijayaa Dashamee.
--Kaartik Shukla Dashamee is called Mahaapunyaa.

--By keeping fast on Ekaadashee, one's all sins are destroyed. In this fast, one should eat food only once on Dashamee. On the next day, on Ekaadashee, one should keep complete fast, and do Paaran on Dwaadashee. Dwaadashee Tithi destroys all 12 sins.
--On Chaitra Shukla Trayodashee, one should worship Kaam Dev. It is called Anang Trayodashee
--If Chaitra Krishn Ashtamee falls on Saturday, or is with Shatbhishaa Nakshatra, then one gets the fruit of hundreds of Solar eclipse by taking bath in Gangaa River.
--On Chaitra Krishn Trayodashee falls on Saturday, or is with Shatbhishaa Nakshatra, it is called Mahaa-Vaarunee Parv. Snaan, Daan and Shraadh done on this day is eternal.
--By keeping fast on Anant Chaturdashee one destroys all his sins.
--If one feeds or gives Daan to Braahman on Yam Chaturdashee or Pret Chaturdashee, he never goes to Yam Lok.
--Phaalgun Krishn Chaturdashee is known as Shiv Raatri. It fulfills all desires. This day one should take bath four times and worship Shiv.

Various Poornimaa
--If Chaitra Poornimaa falls on Thursday, and is with Chitraa Nakshatra, it is called Mahaa-Chaitree; in the same way if Vaishaakh Poornimaa is Vishaakhaa Nakshatra, it is called Vaishaakhee and so on; Jap, Tap, Daan etc done on these Poornimaa are eternal. Mahaa-Vaishaakhee especially gives special Punya in Haridwaar. In the same way, Mahaa-Chaitree in Shaal Graam area; Mahaa-Jyeshthee in Purushottam area; Mahaa-Aashaadhee in Shrinkhal area; Mahaa-Shraavanee in Kedaar area; Mahaa-Bhaadre in Badarik area; Mahaa-Kaartikee in Pushkar and Kaanyakubj areas; Mahaa-Maargsheershee and Mahaa-Paushee in Ayodhyaa; Mahaa-Maghee in Prayaag; Mahaa-Phaalgunee in Naimishaaranya. Aashwin's Poornimaa is called Kaumudee. on this day one should worship Lakshmee ar Moon rise time.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

(Chap 10-13) Here are given the method to worship Vaastu Devtaa; 
(Chap 14-16) Here are given method of doing Yagya and the names of seven tongues of Agni - (1) Hiranyaa, (2) Kanakaa, (3) Raktaa, (4) Aaraktaa, (5) Suprabhaa, (6) Bahuroopaa, and (7) Satee.
Then are given Pratishthaa, Muhoort, method of Pratishthaa of pond, gardens, Devee etc.

Manifestations of Troubles by Stars and the Ways to Pacify Them.

If one has the Yog (combination) of evil planets, he should pacify those planets. There are three types of troubles - Divine, spatial, and earthly. Whatever trouble are given by Grah and Nakshatra etc, that are called Divine; falling stars, seeing Gandharv city in sky, no rains or less rains etc are spatial troubles; and troubles appeared from ponds, trees, and Prithvi (earthquake) are called earthly troubles.

If Saturn, Mars and Soorya come together in one Raashi (Sign) then a killing of many people is expected. If Brihaspati (Jupiter) proceeds from its own Raashi into another without completing time in its previous Raashi, and Saturn is not situated there, then it is expected that a kingdom will be destroyed. If a rainbow is seen on king's birthday, or another eclipse occurs within three months, then famine is expected. They are Soorya related troubles. One should do Yagya to pacify him. 

Note - In the same way manifestations of all planets' troubles and the ways to pacify them are given here.

2nd and 3rd Part of 2-Madhyam Parv End Here
2-Madhyam Parv of Bhavishya Puraan Ends Here

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