The Pilgrim Archive in Leiden
In het begin van de zeventiende eeuw werden de Engelse Calvinisten door
Koningin Elisabeth en vooral haar opvolger Jacobus I vervolgd, het ergst
zij die zich van de Anglicaanse staatskerk wilden afscheiden (Separatisten).
Door te vluchten naar Holland hoopten zij te kunnen genieten van de relatieve
godsdienstvrijheid.
|
|
The Pilgrim Archive in Leiden
In the first decades of the seventeenth century
Queen Elisabeth I and her successor, King James I of England, persecuted
the English Calvinists, especially those that wanted to separate from the
Anglican Church (Separatists). By fleeing to Holland they hoped
to benefit from the relative religious freedom there.
|
Relative Pronouns
There are three main relative pronouns in modern Dutch: 'die', 'dat', and 'wat'. ('wat' will be explained later)
If the antecedent is a de-word, the relative pronoun is 'die':
De man die daar loopt is mijn oom (The man who goes there is my uncle).
If the antecedent is a het-word the relative pronoun is 'dat':
Wij wonen in het huis dat daar staat (We live in the house which stands there).
Demonstrative Adjectives
Close, 'dit' and 'deze':
'Dit' agrees with 'het' and is used to indicate objects that are close,
like 'this' in English.
'Deze' agrees with 'de' and is also used to indicate objects that are close.
Since 'de' refers to singular as well as plural objects, it must be translated
with either 'this' or 'these' in English:
het boek: dit boek is van mij (this book belongs to me),
de pen: deze pen is van mij (this pen belongs to me),
de boeken: deze boeken zijn van mij(these books belong to me).
Far, 'dat' and 'die':
'Dat' also agrees with 'het' but is used to indicate objects that are far,
like 'that' in English.
'Die' also agrees with 'de' but is used to indicate objects that are far,
like 'those' in English:
Het boek : dat boek is van mij (that book belongs to me),
de pen : die pen is van mij (that pen belongs to me),
de boeken: die boeken zijn van mij (thosebooks belong to me).
Demonstrative pronoun
A demonstrative pronoun used as the subject of a sentence does not have a plural form:
Dit is mijn boek (this is my book).
Dit zijn mijn boeken (these are my books).
Dat is ons huis (that is our house).
Dat zijn onze vrienden (those are our friends).
De tijd (the time)
Hoe laat is het? (What is the time?)
1:00 - 1 uur 1:05 - 5 over 1 1:10 - 10 over 1 1:15 - kwart over 1 1:20 - 10 voor half 2 1:25 - 5 voor half 2 1:30 - half 2 1:35 - 5 over half 2 1:40 - 10 over half 2 1:45 - kwart voor 2 1:50 - 10 voor 2 1:55 - 5 voor 2 1:00 am - 1 uur voormiddag (vm) 1:00 pm - 1 uur namiddag (nm)
Some greetings
hallo (hello) hoi (hi) dag (bye) doei (bye) doeg (bye) goedemorgen (good morning) goeiemorgen (good morning) goedemiddag, goeiemiddag (good afternoon) goedenavond, goeieavond (good evening/night) goedenacht, goeienacht (good night) welterusten (good night, sleep well) tot ziens (see you) hoe gaat 't? (how are you doing?) (literally: how are you going?) hoe gaat 't met je? (how are you doing?) (literally: how is it going with you?) alstublieft (here you are, if you please, yes please) alsjeblieft (here you are, if you please, yes please) dank u (thank you) dank je (thank you) bedankt (thanks) dank u wel (thank you kindly) dank u zeer (thank you very much) geen dank (you're welcome) (literally: no thanks (needed)) graag gedaan (you're welcome) (literally: done with pleasure)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
