One should have specialization in a particular field besides possessing professional undergraduate degree. This invaluable experience of specialization can be gained from reputed instituitions. Besides these, there are some private and government recognized instituitions which offer industry oriented professional training program in VLSI and EMBEDDED SYSTEMS.

These fields are totally redefining industries and business, and transforming our lives in to new applications. The heart and brain of all the appliances, equipment, and devices which we use in our daily life are encompassed with Electronic Chips , Embedded Processor and Embedded Software. VLSI and EMBEDDED SYSTEMS market will literally explode over the next several years and has the greater chances of lucrative job opportunities around the globe.
Below is a very brief (not even entry level) discription about VLSI

VLSI is an acronym for Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit design. It is today's most feild as every-1 is interested in this field

		This technique is used to develop circuit's which can have more then 10,000 transistors on a single chip,
 most of the microprocessors and other chips are based on this technology. It uses CMOS Technology for
 fabrication of transistors. The first microprocessor ( intel corporation's 4 bit 4004  ) was based on the P-MOS technology, in P-MOS
the majority carrier's are the positive charge called HOLES. however since the number of holes are less therefore the mobility and 
hence the speed of operation is less. due to these drawbacks the manufacturing of chips and IC's was switched to N-MOS, i.e where the 
majority carriers are the negatively charged particles called the electron's since the number of electrons are large therefore the switching 
speed of transistors was increased by many folds. Technology used now is C-MOS which stands for Complementary -MOS, its properties lies
in between N & P MOS hence its  switching speed is greater then that of P type but less then N type.
		The designing of any new hardware is done by using the design-flow as shown below...
Specification

HDL Description

RTL Simulation

RTL Synthysis

Functional Gate Level Simulation

Place & routes

Page Layout Timing

Simulation

Static Time analysis

Fabrication

I have some intresting pdf for U

information on ASIC

information on CAM (Content Addressable Memory)-1

information on CAM (Content Addressable Memory)-2   Xlinx

    

Click the link below for more information about the respective feild:-

Finite state machine

Hazards

Programmable Logic Devices ( PLD, SPLD's, CPLD's)

Levels of Abstraction

Simulation

Synthesis

Languages ( VHDL, Verilog etc)

 

                                                                                                                                   

Looking for jobs in feild of VLSI click here to get a list of organisation working in this feild.

If you are using MODELSIM EDA tool for VHDL programming this link will be quite useful for You.