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| Term | Definition | Examples |
| Caunter | A lode
which does not comply with the general trend to other lodes in the area.
The word caunter sometimes refers to a lode with a different angle of
dip and also it is used to define a lode whose strike
differs by an acute angle from the surrounding lodes.
A lode which differs by an angle near 90 degrees is a cross course. |
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| Californian stamps | A rock crushing device that replaced the Cornish stamps from 1857 onwards. Californian stamps had improved tappets and cams and used a heavy steel head landing on a metal die. The heads rotated in use to even the wear and prolong their life | |
| Capstan | A winding device used for raising and lowering the pitwork in a shaft.Often is was manually powered but sometimes steam engine was used. | |
| Cassiterite | The only mined
Tin ore. Cassiterite is tin dioxide SnO2.
Features
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| Chalcocite
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Cu2S copper sulphide .
80% Copper Content An important ore of copper, formed from chalcopyrite. Features:
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| Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 (Copper pyrites)
Copper Content :34.6 % The most important copper ore and it is the original one deposited in the lodes when they were formed. Chalcopyrite is easily broken down by water and other reactive elements to form a range of copper minerals. Its name is derived from Greek chalkos, "copper" hence "Copper Pyrite". Features:
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| Chlorite | A Green or black mineral
found in lodes that resembles mica
(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
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| Cobbing | An ore processing term.
Cobbing is the breaking off from the ore as much waste as possible with
chisel type hammers. Cobbing was normally carried out by Bal
maidens.
After cobbing ore was sent for Bucking. |
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| Coffer | Part of a set of Cornish stamps. The coffer lies beneath the head and within it the rock is crushed.It was made of wooden planks and had a base of crushed quartz. The rock was often fed to the coffers by tramway to its rear and the crushed rock then passed out through perforated plates in their front. | |
| Coinage | The ancient taxation system
used for tin. Tin was taken twice a year to a coinage town where it was
tested wieghed and taxed. The coinage towns where:
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| Cost Book system | A traditional and simple
accounting system used in Cornish mines regulated by the stannary laws
of Cornwall.In a cost book mine adventurers
agreed to take agreed set of shares in the enterprise and signed for these
in a cost book.
At each meeting a liability or profit per share was calculated. The Profits were shared out between the adventurers or calls made to them to pay fo expenses. An adventurer could have his name removed from the cost book at any time after paying all outstanding calls. |
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| Country rock | The rock through which a lode passes. Country rock is the non mineralized rock of a mine. | |
| Cross Course | A lode or vein which crosses or intersects the main lode at an angle near 90 degrees.. Sometimes the main lode is split displaced on each side by the cross course.Often cross courses contain no metallic minerals and can provide a hindrance to following a lode. Even worse is the tendency for them to provide a path for water, leading to increased flooding problems. | |
| Cross Cut | Tunnels driven at right
angles to a lode to explore new ground or provide access to adjacent lodes.
As lodes normally occurred running parallel with the same general direction of Strike this was an important means of prospecting. |
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Crusher
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A Machine with two revolving drums to crush ore. Crushers caused less powdering of ore then stamps so often was used for the more friable copper ore.From 1830's onwards crushers also started to be used to replace the manual bucking of ores | |
| Count House | The mine office.Often an imposing building, well furnished and still standing in use for none mining purposes. | |
| Cuprite | Cu2O (cuprous oxide) Sometimes
called ruby copper or red copper ore.
Cuprite is an important copper ore formed from the weathering of Chalcopyrite
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